L'autore intende ricercare i vocaboli particolari usati in nella "Divina Commedia". Alla fine della terzina si trovano ogni tanto le parole che non sono usate oppure usate molto raramente fuori . In questo saggio sono raccolte diverse forme delle desinenze verbali e si spiega quali siano le loro origini dialettali e in quale scrittore se ne trovano gli esempi. E anche si puntualizzano le forme che si possono ritenere creazione di Dante stesso per fare .

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Access to urban facilities from residential locations has become a hot topic. Developing countries such as Pakistan have built housing schemes on a large scale for low-income people at locations with low proximity to service facilities. Empirical studies about the access capacity of urbanites to service facilities are also few in number. Taking Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metropolitan Area (), this study compares the spatial access to five service facilities between city core, mid-urban and suburban residents by measuring the distance from the residential parcel to each facility. A total of 435 samples were collected from nine study sites across . Both spatial accessibility analysis and statistical analysis of household access satisfaction were employed in this study. Spatial analysis showed significant discrepancies in access to low-order and high-order service facilities across . The household survey from nine study sites recorded access satisfaction to service facilities, degree of location attachment, satisfaction with the built environment, and the desire to live near a Bus Rapid Transport system BRT. The findings concluded that the provision of necessary service facilities should be considered when planning to establish affordable housing for low-income people.

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Ritual practices performed by Assyrian kings are associated with the foundation and conclusion of both palace and temple building. The Akkadian terms signifying initiation are: tašīltu, celebration; tašrītu, inauguration; tērubtu, entry of the gods. The longest text concerning the inauguration of a palace is that of Assurnaṣirpal for his new palace in Kalḫu at which over 69,000 persons, as well as the gods, were present. The inauguration of Sargon’s palace at his new capital, Dūr-Šarru-ukīn, was different; it was two-staged, first the gods were invited into the palace and are feted, this was followed by the celebration of the king and his dignitaries. The inauguration celebrations of palaces built by Sennacherib, Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal all exhibited two stages, a divine aspect of hosting the gods, and a royal popular one. On the other hand, the main element in descriptions of temple inaugurations is the entry of the god into his dwelling. This was accomplished by the king “grasping the hand of the god” and leading him to his abode. This ceremony was followed by sacrifice, festivities and the presentation of gifts. While there are parallel elements in both types of inaugurations, they are fundamentally different. Palaces are built for kings, temples for the gods. Temples are initiated when the god takes up his residence therein. Palace inaugurations were held in order to honor the king as royal builders.

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This paper deals with the names given to the city walls, city gates, and palatial structures in Assyrian capital cities, Assur, Kalhu, Dur-Šarrukin, and Nineveh, in the NeoAssyrian period. These names comprised popular names, which were supposedly used daily, and ceremonial names, which were given for ceremonial-ideological purposes. The names were formulated differently in various cities and in different periods, reflecting the change of historical circumstances and contemporary political-theological ideologies. The naming of the architectural works in later Assyria represented the increasing imperialistic pride of Assyrian kings about their world dominion, claiming the prominence of the capital as the navel of the world in political, economic, and religious senses. In this way, they particularly challenged the traditional Mesopotamian cosmic order, in the center of which Babylon and its god Marduk had been placed.

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Arterial grafts are frequently used in modern coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the benefit of the 2 internal mammary arteries (IMA) has already been established. However, the choice of the third arterial conduit, in addition to the IMA, is controversial. We have retrospectively analized perioperative and the follow-up results of patients who underwent CABG with triple arterial bypass using either the radial artery (RA) or the gastroepiploic artery (GEA) in conjunction with the bilateral IMA (BIMA). Between December 1995 and June 2001, 1,516 consecutive isolated CABG operations were performed at Shin-Tokyo Hospital. Among them the RA and BIMA were used in 96 patients (78 males, 18 females; mean age, 63.2±6.7 years, group R), and the GEA and BIMA in 123 patients (101 males, 22 females; mean age, 61.0±11.6 years, group G). Their perioperative and follow-up data were studied. The preoperative risk factors were similar between the 2 groups, except that there were significantly fewer patients with renal dysfunction in group R. The surgical results did not differ between the 2 groups; however, the GEA was more commonly used for revascularization of the right coronary artery, while the RA was used for the diagonal, circumflex or right coronary arteries. Surgical mortality and morbidity rates were not significantly different. During the follow-up period of 2.3±1.6 years, the event-free rates as well as the survival rates were not significantly different. CABG with either the RA or the GEA in conjunction with the BIMA can be performed safely. The surgical results as well as the follow-up results were acceptable and no significant differences between the 2 groups were observed. (Circ J 2002; 66: 544 - 548)

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The aim of this study was to investigate possible relationships between morphometric characteristics of the bovine reproductive tract and measures of fertility, such as antral follicle counts (AFCs) and the number and quality of recovered cumulus oophorus complexes (COCs). First, the genital tracts of 360 abattoir Zebu/Holstein crossbred cows were studied.

vulvae length (RL), vulvar width (VW), ovarian size, pelvic fat, number of aspirated COCs, and AFCs were recorded. An index of COC quality (CQI) was established, which weighed overall gamete quality based on the IETS classification. Second, the same external measurements and AFCs (by ultrasound) were analyzed in live Tabapuã (Zebu) cows (n = 48). Relative RL and vulvar width were defined as the original measurements divided by the body weight of each cow for statistical analyses. In abattoir tracts, the AFC was smaller (P < 0.05) in animals with large VW (34.88 ± 3.50) than in animals with small (45.71 ± 2.57) and intermediate (42.25 ± 2.45) VW. The CQI was higher (P < 0.05) when the pelvic fat score was intermediate (3.22 ± 0.06) than that in lean (2.99 ± 0.08) and obese (2.90 ± 0.12) animals. The CQI was higher (P < 0.05) in the intermediate ovary group (3.19 ± 0.08) than in the small (2.96 ± 0.08) and large (2.95 ± 0.09) ovary groups. In live cows, the AFC was higher (P = 0.035) in females with large relative length than in those with small relative length (18.96 ± 1.97 and 14.76 ± 1.51, respectively). Similarly, AFC was greater (P = 0.0001) in females with large relative VW than in those with small relative VW (20.08 ± 1.36 and 11.16 ± 1.60, respectively). In conclusion, larger external genitalia relative to body size were good predictors of the ovarian follicular reserve in live animals.

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Housing and transportation studies have continuously supported the theory of location affordability (LA). Residents living in proximity to transit and other facilities spent less income share on transportation costs, offsetting higher housing costs. However, the broader thesis argues that urban form measures and travel patterns could also determine LA, demanding empirical exploration in the Southern hemisphere. This study in the Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metropolitan Area () addresses the impact of travel patterns to service facilities on the combined housing and transportation (H+T) costs using 435 valid samples acquired by a door-to-door questionnaire survey. The approach included; 1) Three-box plot analyses for housing costs, transportation costs, and the H+T costs, 2) Cross-tabulation and Chi-square test of travel patterns, and 3) Multivariate regression analysis. The multivariate regression demonstrated that the household characteristics significantly impacted H+T costs, and when moving away from the city-core, the average H+T cost increased substantially. Additionally, frequent public transportation (PT) usage and walking to the utility stores were positively associated with H+T costs compared to the travel time to reach PT and education facilities. The findings suggest that policymakers consider affordable locations with high proximity to service facilities when establishing affordable housing schemes.

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The fluctuation between the first and third person in the text on the Tell al-Rimāḥ Stela has been regarded either as a way, in which Nergal-ēreš takes to himself credit for the described achievements, or as a clumsiness of the scribe who conflated multiple source materials into the text. While the textual features may suggest that the inscription was copied from written source, it seems that the scribe deliberately omitted the description of entrustment of receiving tribute, which is supposed to be described in the source text. Another possibility is that in the original text, all the verbs are expressed in the first person, and in this case, our scribe intentionally changed the first person of the verb in the description of receiving tribute to the third person. The unusual use of the third person in the text might have been employed by the scribe so that the subject of the verb could alternatively be construed as Nergal-ēreš, instead of Adad-nērārī III. This scribal art, however, does not reflect the intention of Nergal-ēreš but of Adad-nērārī, the most possible commissioner of the inscription. The apparent clumsiness found in the change between the first and third person might alternatively be regarded as a scribal technique to achieve two purposes: to credit the king for the military exploits; and to lead the readers to alternatively see Nergal-ēreš as a possible candidate for the one who received the tribute.

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Purpose: In this article, we reported on the up-to-date literature regarding skeletonized bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) flow and the effect on sternal perfusion. We also reviewed the pros and cons of the skeletonization technique versus the conventional pedicle technique for harvesting the BIMA.

Methods: We performed an up-to-date review using the PubMed database, with a specific focus on the contemporary published literature.

Results: BIMA skeletonization can preserve the sternal microcirculation, minimize tissue damage, and maintain blood supply to the chest wall at the tissue level. This effect is also apparent in diabetics. Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) rates are significantly less with skeletonization versus the conventional pedicle technique and are comparable to single internal mammary artery harvesting.

Conclusions: Contemporary large-scale studies demonstrate that skeletonization of the BIMA increases conduit length, provides superior flow, reduces the incidence of DSWIs, and improves late survival. Hopefully, this review will increase awareness of the compelling evidence in favor of using skeletonized internal mammary arteries and stimulate increased uptake of BIMA revascularization surgery.

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社交不安症（障害）（SAD）は，社会的状況に対する過度でコントロールできない恐怖または不安が生じ，そのためそのような状況を回避し，著しい社会機能障害を呈する不安症である。本稿では，SADの薬物療法について，最近の知見を中心に述べる。メタ解析やRCTによるエビデンスによると，SADの薬物療法としては，SSRIとSNRI, そしてがプラセボに比し有意に効果があるとされている。しかしながらわが国ではは使用できない。また最近承認され，SADに最もエビデンスがあるSNRIであるベンラファキシンもSADへの保険適応がないことから，わが国でのSADの薬物療法の中心は，現時点ではSSRIとなろう。

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ムササビの喉頭蓋の喉頭面の上皮はその舌面のものよりも遙かに背の低い重層扁平上皮から成るが, その正中部丈は氈毛上皮から成る. 味蕾は舌面上皮のみに少量に発見される. この部の粘膜では混合腺は良好な発達を示すが, 淋巴集合は極めて少い.
喉頭室は甚だ大きい喉頭嚢を作る. 前方は甲状軟骨, 上方は舌骨, 下方は気管上部に達する. その粘膜は概ね1列性立方上皮と狭い固有膜とから成る.
声皺襞は概ね2列性扁平上皮と狭い固有膜とから成る. 声門の軟骨間部の前1/3は同様2列性扁平上皮で蔽われるが, 後2/3は2-3列性氈毛上皮で蔽われ, 固有膜も増大, 中に混合腺を含む. 声門より下方気管に至るまでの粘膜は前者同様な組織構成を示す.
ムササビの喉頭粘膜も人や2-3動物に於けると同様に知覚線維に恵まれているが, 粘膜下膜及び固有膜神経叢の劣勢な形成に伴ってその量も又知覚終末の構成も人等に於けるよりは遙かに劣勢である.
この喉頭粘膜に見られる知覚終末は非分岐性及び単純性分岐終末として上皮下及び上皮内に形成される. 喉頭嚢粘膜では最単純の非分岐性終末を而も散在性に見るに過ぎず, 従ってここでは知覚神経分布は甚だ劣勢である. 唯喉頭室の入口附近では単純性分岐性終末も稀ならず発見される.
喉頭蓋喉頭面の粘膜は喉頭粘膜の中では最も知覚線維に富む. そして稍々複雑な分岐性終末も所々に発見される. 特に正中部で然りである. 然しこの部の終末は一般般に中等大又は細い線維に由来する. 反之その周辺部では前者に於けるよりも終末の量は少いが, 太い線維に由来する分岐性終末も発見される.
喉頭蓋舌面の粘膜には知覚線維の進入は劣勢, その終末様式も甚だ単純, 又この部にのみ見られる味蕾に対する知覚神経分布も甚だ劣勢である.
声皺襞にも極く少量の知覚神経の進入を見る. その終末は非分岐性及び単純性分岐性終末で表わされ, 又稀ならず上皮内線維も発見される. 声門から下方の粘膜にも知覚終末が見られるが, 之は下方に向って愈々劣勢を示す.

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山羊喉頭粘膜に対する知覚神経分布は人及び他動物の場合と略ぼ同様, 喉頭蓋の喉頭側に於て甚だ強く, 其舌側では遙かに劣勢, 喉頭蓋以外の喉頭粘膜では喉頭蓋基底部から遠ざかるに従つて徐々に劣勢, そして声門から下方に来ると更に急激に劣勢を示す. 但し知覚神経終未は人の夫には比す可くも非ず, 又犬に於けるよりも稍々劣勢な然し兎に於けるよりは良好な発達を示す. 又其終末様式には多少動物差による特異性の見られる事は興味深い.
山羊喉頭に見られる知覚終末は専ら中等大線維に由来する上皮下及び上皮内分岐性終末によつて表わされる. 又非分岐性終末の外, 単純性糸毬終末も稀ならず発見される.
喉頭蓋の喉頭側では上皮下に多少複雑な分岐性終末も多数発見される. 其終末枝は屡々著明な太さの変化を示し且つ上皮内線維に移行する事もある. 又複雑性分岐性終末も稀ならず発見され, 其終末枝の先端には屡々小型の糸毬形成を見る. 上皮内線維の多くは単純性分岐型に属する.
喉頭蓋の舌側にも分岐性終末が見られるが, 量に於ても規模に於ても喉頭側に於けるよりは遙かに劣勢, 又ここでは上皮内線維も証明されない.
喉頭蓋以外の喉頭粘膜では声門よりも上方では稍々複雑な上皮下分岐性終末及び上皮内線維も見られるが, 声門では知覚終末は可なり劣勢となる. 但し声皺襞では犬や兎に於けるよりはより良好で, 単純性分岐性終末も上皮内線維も少量に発見される. 又声門軟骨間部では声皺襞に於けるよりも多量の且つより複雑な知覚終末を見る事が出来る.
山羊喉頭は犬に於けると略ぼ同様に喉頭蓋の喉頭側は勿論, 声門に至るまで概ね重層扁平上皮で蔽われる為か其上皮は人の場合よりも又犬の場合よりも多量の味蕾を含む. その神経分布は略ぼ犬に於けると同様, 人の場合の様に上方から下方に向って劣勢となる事なく, 其場所的優劣を示さない. 即ち山羊では知覚神経分布を受けない味蕾も又受ける味蕾も同一場所に入り乱れて発見される.

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This study evaluates the usefulness of intravenous electron beam computed tomographic angiography (EBA) for the detection of coronary artery bypass graft patency in 43 patients (33 men and 10 women, mean age, 65 years) who had coronary artery bypass graft surgery. EBA was performed a few days before selective bypass graft angiography (SGA). Forty axial cross-sections of angiographic images of the heart were acquired consecutively by an electrocardiographic trigger signal at 40% of the RR interval, which corresponds to the end-systolic phase. EBA data were reconstructed as a three-dimensional shaded surface display of the heart and bypass grafts. Detectability of the patency of bypass grafts was evaluated, taking selective angiographic images of the bypass grafts as a gold standard. One hundred and nine grafts (96%) out of 114 grafts were subjected to evaluation: 37 grafts were left internal mammary artery grafts (LIMA), 7 were right internal mammary artery grafts (), 6 were gastroepiploic artery grafts (GEA), 7 were free gastroepiploic artery grafts with venous drainage (free-GEA), 7 were radial artery grafts (RAG), and 45 were saphenous vein grafts (SVG). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of EBA were 98%, 100%, 100%, 91%, and 98%, respectively. EBA sampled at the end-systolic period was determined to be useful for the detection of coronary artery bypass graft patency and occlusion.

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