For amateur creators, it has been becoming popular to create new content based on existing original work: such new content is called derivative work. We know that derivative creation is popular, but why are individual derivative works created? Although there are several factors that inspire the creation of derivative works, such factors cannot usually be observed on the Web. In this paper, we propose a model for inferring latent factors from sequences of derivative work posting events. We assume a sequence to be a stochastic process incorporating the following three factors: (1) the original work's attractiveness, (2) the original work's popularity, and (3) the derivative work's popularity. To characterize content popularity, we use content ranking data and incorporate rank-biased popularity based on the creators' browsing behaviors. Our main contributions are three-fold. First, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study modeling derivative creation activity. Second, by using real-world datasets of music-related derivative work creation, we conducted quantitative experiments and showed the effectiveness of adopting all three factors to model derivative creation activity and considering creators' browsing behaviors in terms of the negative logarithm of the likelihood for test data. Third, we carried out qualitative experiments and showed that our model is useful in analyzing following aspects: (1) derivative creation activity in terms of category characteristics, (2) temporal development of factors that trigger derivative work posting events, (3) creator characteristics, (4) N-th order derivative creation process, and (5) original work ranking.

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Most advanced countries are currently aged societies. Various coping strategies must be considered for the elderly to improve their quality of life. Recently, the use of personal robots has emerged as a coping strategy. Positive feelings toward personal robots are considered important to ensure effective interaction with them. This study examined the relationships between the liking or attraction to the personal robot PaPeRo, developed by NEC, and the personality traits of elderly people. We expected to find relationships between liking PaPeRo and personality traits for elderly people. We used scales of liking PaPeRo, interpersonal trust, a multi-dimensional empathy scale, and an internal working model scale. The results showed that users deeply attached to PaPeRo were more empathetic and exhibited more stable attachment than those who moderately liked PaPeRo. It is believed that elderly people have fewer opportunities to create new relationships, and those with empathetic abilities and more stable attachment style would seek opportunities to communicate with PaPeRo. Thus, they might regard PaPeRo a great substitute for others. Therefore, it was suggested that it is necessary to devise a design for the robot that would enhance communication between PaPeRo and elderly people and their quality of life.

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When designing personal robots, traits of humans who interact with them are important. This study focused on the personality of those who interact with personal robots, as different personalities may influence people’s attitudes toward personal robots. This study examined the relationship between people’s liking of the personal robot ‘PaPeRo’ and their personality traits. Liking of PaPeRo was assessed using a scale with three sub-categories: prettiness, humanity, and function. To assess personality traits of participants, three questionnaires were utilized. Results showed that those who were attached to PaPeRo were more empathetic than those who were not. And they showed that deeply attached participants exhibited more ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles than participants moderately attached to PaPeRo. Those with insecure attachment styles felt they could not rely on others; hence, they felt more familiar toward PaPeRo, who provided security and seemed like it would not betray them, unlike another human being. When designing personal robots, the personalities of people who will interact with such robots should be considered.

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This study focuses on the scenic features of the Ryukyu Kingdom based on 115 scenic poems in Ryukyu Poetry of a Conferred Envoy written by XuBaoguang. It is divided into 6 subgroups by text mining method and formed a Co-occurrence network about the Ryukyu Kingdom scenery. And as a result, Group A reflects the hierarchical characteristics about the selection of buildings sites and the architectural scenic features about stone-making techniques. Group B reflects the influence of cultural exchange by highlighting the characteristics of the dangerous and changeable marine climate. Group C focuses on the scenery of social activities among officials. Group D reflects the benefits and challenges of scenery construction in the island environment. Group E focuses on the scenery around the Engaku-ji temple, the spatial composition of this area which represents secular kingship and various religious thoughts. Group F based on the realistic marine scenery to convey author’s personal view.

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This paper discusses the acceptability of the benefactive double object construction in English. Contrary to the previous claim that only verbs of creation and of obtaining can appear in the construction, the paper shows that there are many acceptable sentences of this pattern involving simple action verbs. It further argues that the construction is acceptable to the extent that it is clearly shown that the action the subject referent performs is intended for the benefit of the indirect object referent. It also examines some differences between the construction in question and the double object construction paraphrasable as the V+NP+to+NP pattern, and briefly discusses the benefactive construction in Japanese.

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Eight fourth graders were taught English for a total of 13 hours over 4 successive days. Instruction focused on guiding the children to learn to correctly pronounce and write a range of materials that included common everyday words, songs, and rythmes. All through the activities, the children were encouraged to pay attention to the number of "chunks," or technically syllables, each word consisted of. This was done by inviting them to mimic the instructor when he, while pronouncing a word, bent his fingers, stamped his feet, or swayed his body, expressing its syllable nuclei. At the beginning of Day 1 and also near the end of Day 4, the same test was given in which students were presented with the recorded pronounciation of 9 words, without any orthographic information but with photographs that clearly conveyed their meanings, and were required to answer in a multiple-choice format how many "chunks" they felt constituted each word. The words tested were not among those practiced in the learning phase sandwiched between the two testing phases. Wilcoxon signed rank tests indicated that the percentage of words corectly syllable-counted were significantly higher in the post-test than in the pre-test; the effect size turned out to be large.

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