The purpose of this report is to present of primary health care with a psychosomatic and behavioral approach to university students. The subjects of my study are 13,000 students of Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan. Our health center has a close teamwork among doctors, nurses, dieticians and other university staff to promote students'health as well as to treat their illness. We studied basic habits of these students, freshmen to juniors, regarding eating, sleeping, smoking and drinking. As the result the data revealed that they skip breakfast (over 50%) from the second year of university life and cut their sleeping time (to midnight to 1-2 AM). To skip breakfast is closely related to the delay of their sleeping time. Smoking and drinking the of university life. These results suggest the changes of their life style after entering university. In addition to these changes of life style, they began to confuse how to adapt to university life. The reasons for their confusion include the following : First, the entrance examination is extreme as if it were a battle in Japan since more than 30 years ago. Then, students have to work like a memory machine since primary school until high school. These extreme situations give heavy pressure on them and take away their chance to experience humanistic growth. Consequently, most of them do not know how to communicate each other with their poor self identity, poor patience and poor emotions on the campus (so-called Adultchild). Secondly, parents and school teachers have not paid enough attention to children's humanistic or spiritual education because of money- or material-centered attitudes which contaminated Japan since after the second world war. We also have a medical clinic on the campus. More than 3,500 students visit us during the school year (about 85% of them) with common diseases (flue, gastrointestinal trouble etc.) About 8% of them visit us with the complaints of mental problems such as maladaptation, anxiety or depressive state and psychosomatic reactions. Others are skin diseases, bronchial asthma and anemia etc. Conclusion : To practice the health care or treatment for the university students, it is necessary to indicate psychosomatic, behavioral and primary care approach because of the above mentioned reasons. We also have to recognize and make an approach to them as growing models.

抄録全体を表示

The striation formation in copper crystals grown at the rate of 1 mm/min by the horizontal zone melting method was studied by a dislocation etch pit technique. It was found that the formation of striations depended upon the crystallographic orientation, the density and distribution of dislocations in a seed crystal and the axial temperature gradient. The [110] crystals showed a marked tendency to develop the striations, while the [111] and [100] crystals exhibited ordinarily a weak tendency of the striation formation. In the latter two crystals, the inoculation with seed crystals which were slightly damaged could result in growing the striated crystals, while no striations were formed when the seed crystals were not damaged. With a low dislocation density seed, the striations were not formed in the [111] crystal grown under a low axial temperature gradient, though a fine network of subboundaries appeared. On the other hand, the striations were formed after an incubation distance of 1 cm when the [111] crystal was grown under the same thermal conditions but with a high dislocation density seed crystal containing a fine network of subboundaries. However, under a high axial temperature gradient, no striations were built up, even if the crystal was grown with a high dislocation density seed crystal. Observations of the dislocation etch pits revealed that the striations wereformed when the coalescence of small angle tilt boundaries, which arranged closely in parallel, occurred.

抄録全体を表示

The process of dehydration of soybean protein coagulate in expression involves two mechanisms, filtration and consolidation. The filtration process was explained by Ruth's filtration model. The consolidation process, except for secondary consolidation, was analyzed by the modified consolidation model of Shirato et al., taking into account the compressibility of cake. The modified coefficient of consolidation was not affected significantly by the pressure applied. Evaluation of the modified coefficient of consolidation is of importance for an attempt to improve the current production of soybean protein.

抄録全体を表示

The Start-frame-delimiter (SFD) is crucial in packet-based communications system since it indicates the end of preamble and the start of a frame. In 802.15 smart utility network system, the function of SFD is extended. Two different SFDs are used for achieving frame synchronization and at the same time, to differentiate coded and uncoded packets. This paper proposes a systematic method for the selection of SFD pair for FSK based systems. The design method is adopted by 802.15.4g Task Group with the backward compatibility to IEEE 802.15.4d systems taken into account. Four selection criteria are specified and discussed to determine the pair of sequences providing least packet error detection rate with the consideration of eliminating the adjacent channel image signal commonly occurred in the low IF receiver. The probability of false alarm and miss detection is analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed selection method. The simulation results confirm that error frame detection rate of 1e-3 can be achieved with selected SFD sequences. The proposed method for selection of SFD pairs ensures a robust packet header and thus better payload protection. The SFD design approach is applicable to other packet-based wireless communication FSK systems with the support of more than one SFD sequence.

抄録全体を表示

　我々は名古屋市において,1990年8月から都市大気中のメタン濃度の連続測定を行っている。都市域における大気中メタン濃度は,昼間において低濃度,夜間において高濃度となる特徴的な平均日変化を示した。この平均日変化に加えて,大気中メタン濃度には月及び季節変化が観測された。メタン濃度のこれらの特徴的な動態には,大気の安定度が深く影響を与えており,この大気の安定度は気温逆転層の形成につながる。従って,本論文では大気の安定度が都市域における大気中メタン濃度の日変化及び季節変化の主な原因となっていることを示した。

抄録全体を表示

In this keynote paper, some recent developments on modifications of surface wettability patterns that have critical impacts on fluid flow and boiling heat transfer in microchannels are presented. The first part of this paper will describe the effects of patterned surface modification on 3D vortex flows generation in a microchannel under very low Reynolds number. It demonstrated that 3D vortices can also be generated by the patterned surface charges with a same polarity. The second part of this paper is to demonstrate the effects of wettability patterned surfaces on nucleation boiling heat transfer processes. Bubble dynamics and pool boiling performance are enhanced significantly on smooth and flat surfaces combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic patterns in comparison with a hydrophilic surface. Different networks combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are characterized and large enhancements of critical heat flux are typically found for hydrophilic networks featuring hydrophobic islands. Fluid flow and boiling heat transfer in a microchannel with patterned surfaces was also investigated.

抄録全体を表示

Deep convolutional neural networks (deep CNN) show a large power for robust recognition of visual patterns. The neocognitron, which was first proposed by Fukushima (1979), is a network classified to this category. Its architecture was suggested by neurophysiological findings on the visual systems of mammals. It acquires the ability to recognize visual patterns robustly through learning. Although the neocognitron has a long history, improvements of the network are still continuing. This paper discusses the recent neocognitron, focusing on differences from the conventional deep CNN. Some other functions of the visual system can also be realized by networks extended from the neocognitron, for example, recognition of partly occluded patterns, the mechanism of selective attention, and so on.

抄録全体を表示

中国内蒙古自治区毛烏素沙地に自生する臭柏 (sabina vulgaris) の耐乾性を明らかにすることを目的として, 3年間実験室で礫耕栽培によって苗木に水ストレスを加えて生育させた。培養液にポリエチレングリコールを加えて浸透圧を調整することで3段階の水ストレス (対照, 弱, 強) を与えた。伸長成長は6月から7月の高温期に一時停止した。その停止期間は水ストレスが強いほど長くなる傾向があった。各処理区16個体のうち対照区はすべての個体が3年間生存したが, 2つのストレス区はともに1年目に25%が枯死し, 強ストレス区は2年目にさらに25%の個体が枯死した。慢性的な水ストレスに対する適応には比較的長い期間を要し, その間に成長の停止や枯死が起こった。生存個体や枯死個体の形状やサイズについて論議した。

抄録全体を表示

When playing a piece with a bowed string instrument, it is necessary to determine the bowing in advance. This requires knowledge of the piece and a lot of time to acquire the ability to determine the bowing. Therefore, it is difficult for beginners of such instruments to determine the bowing. In this paper, we propose a system that acquires bowing and acoustic information from performance videos of a stringed instrument such as a violin and automatically writes the bowing symbols on the sheet music. This system makes it easy to refer to the bowing of a skilled player and to compare the bowing of multiple players. We believe that this system will be useful for improving a player's skill in performance techniques and his/her comprehension of musical pieces. In a validation experiment, the proposed system was able to estimate the bowing of children's songs with an accuracy rate of more than 90%.

抄録全体を表示

Portland cement slurries have undergone degradation due to carbonation-induced corrosion in contact with a CO₂-rich environment. Many studies have observed degradation such as a decrease in the mechanical strength and an increase of permeability and porosity. When utilized in wells as a zonal isolation material in the CO₂-rich environment, such degradation can be worsen by hydration shrinkage of Portland cement, in which micro-annuli are formed and, thus, effective permeability is increased. In this work, CaO was employed as an expansive additive admixed with Portland cement. The samples were hydrated for 1 and 7 days prior to carbonation for 14 days in an autoclave to simulate shorter and longer hydration times before contacted with a CO₂-rich environment. Before carbonated in the autoclave, the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The expansion of the hydrated slurries was also observed for the first 24 h of hydration. After carbonation, the percentage of the corroded area was calculated, and a three-point bending test was conducted. The result shows that the CaO additive below 15% by weight of cement in the Portland cement slurry can enhance the slurry resistance against corrosion encroachment induced by the carbonation process. The presence of the CaO additive in the Portland cement slurry can mitigate the severe detrimental effect induced by carbonation.

抄録全体を表示

In recent years, disasters have become more frequent and more severe in Japan. To ensure their safety, it is essential to ensure that all impacted individuals evacuate. Since the Great East Japan Earthquake, the formulation of district evacuation plans and the My-Timeline have been promoted, and their importance has been recognized. In addition, information and communication technology (ICT) has rapidly developed in recent years and is being integrated into the field of disaster management. In this context, digital transformation (DX) has become essential. Given the need to enhance disaster preparedness, via DX, this study designs and develops a digital support tool using ICT to support the formulation of evacuation plans and enhance capacity building for disaster prevention among individual users. In particular, it develops functions that allow users to easily formulate a plan based on their pre-registration information and familiarize them with hazard risks. It also helps them envision the potential damage they will incur and learn the impact of their personal attribute information on their choice of evacuation action when formulating an evacuation plan. These functions were implemented as a cloud service and evaluated by users. The evaluation confirmed that the tool contributed to raising users’ awareness.

抄録全体を表示

Background: Children with neuropsychiatric disorders may have a limited participation in everyday activities. It is common that they tend to avoid engaging in activities due to a decreased ability to interpret sensory information. To increase these children's' activity performance ball vests are provided and prescribed as an intervention. The aim of this study was to explore the use of a ball vest in everyday activities from the perspective of adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders, their parents and teachers.

Method: A qualitative method, where six adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders, their parents and teachers were interviewed concerning experiences of the adolescents' use of a ball vest for eight weeks. A qualitative content analysis approach was used.

Results: The analysis identified four themes. The adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders, their parents and teachers portrayed different aspects of the use of the vest which all were mainly positive. The adolescents experienced that their high activity level was influenced by using the ball vest in activities. A slightly delayed calming effect was also described which influenced the adolescents plan when to use of the ball vest during the day.

Conclusion: This study identifies a positive though limited hypothesis regarding how a ball vest can be experienced in relation to everyday activities at home and in the school setting for adolescents with high activity levels and neuropsychiatric disorders.

抄録全体を表示

The existence of erythroid form δ-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS-E) was historically a matter of some controversy. To obtain direct evidence for a unique ALAS-E, we have purified ALAS-E to homogeneity for the first time, from rat reticulocyte lysate. The papain digestion method was used at the initial step of the purification to overcome the difficulty which repeatedly hampered earlier attempts to purify ALAS-E. The size of the purified papain-resistant core catalytic domain of ALAS-E was estimated electrophoretically to be 49, 000 Da. The pH optimum (7.6) and apparent K_m values for the substrates, glycine (6.5mM) and succinyl-CoA (2 μM), were similar to those of the non-specific form of δ-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS-N); but, in contrast to ALAS-N, the substrate inhibition by succinyl-CoA was not evident in ALAS-E. We then isolated cDNA and genomic DNA clones encoding rat ALAS-E. By combining the nucleotide sequence information of the cDNA and genomic clones, the rat ALAS-E precursor is predicted to be composed of 587 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 64, 841 Da. All the peptide sequences determined directly from the purified protein agreed with those predicted from the nucleotide data, demonstrating the existence of ALAS-E. Analysis of the papain-resistant core domain further revealed that it overlaps with the evolutionally conserved segment that has been noticed by sequence alignment analysis of ALA synthases from various species.

抄録全体を表示