From Tadanori's death in the Battle of Ichi no Tani (Tadanori's death in volume #9 of the Tale of Heike) and his flight from Kyoto (Tadanori's flight in #), writer will investigae Tadanori as a dead person (as a latent existence recurring to the close relatives in an unreal form). Let "Tadanori" and "Shunzei/Tadanori" of Youkyoku intervene in reading the Tale of the Heike. In both of "Tadanori" and "Syunzei/Tadanori", for Fujiwara no Syunzei had placed Tadanori's waka in the Senzai Wakashuu as author unknown, Tadanori held a grudge and so turned out to a vengeful ghost. However, in case of "Shunzei/Tadanori" having been composed later than Zeami's work of "Tadanori", Shunzei was cast as tsure and waki was Rokuyata who had fought against Tadanori and felled him. As compared to the Noh play scene of carnage, shite of Tadanori altered form to be in such an order like Rokuyata, narrator (a Noh chorus) and a cherry tree, in case of "Tadanori", masterpiece by Zeami. A treatment like this can be called as an achievement of Polyphonic Narrative of Youkyoku but it opposes to Tadanori's comment of "No regret was left." in the # of "Tadanori's flight from Kyoto" of the Tale of Heike. Writer would like to discuss combining an analysis of the Polyphonic Narrative of the Tale of Heike which narrates the deceased from an angle different from Youkyoku inwith the narrative of Youkyoku and put those two together with intertextuality. The writer will then, try to capture possibility of accepting Tadanori's figure becoming a vengeful ghost as well as possibility of Tadanori floating in the air as unidentified apparition and think about Tadanori leaving far away from the system (or story) the principal is trying to build up.

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Sticker has once published an opinion that lepra bacilli can penetrate the nasal mucous membrane: but so far, no experiment has ever been attemped to confirm this opinion. The writer, therefore, made the following experiment:
In three rabbits and three mice, the author poured lepra tubercle emulsion into the nasal cavity for 30 minutes. In one of the rabbits, the author dropped the emulsion into the nasal cavity combined with pouring into the conjunctival sac. The emulsion thus dropped into the conjunctival sac reached the nasal cavity through the nasolachrymal duct. In 1250 microscopic sections of the nasal mucoua, the author recognized 37 lepra bacilli in not only the shallow layer direct beneath the mucous membrane and near the gland, but also in the walls of blood vessels. In other words, the author ascertained that lepra bacilli passes through the nasal mucous membrane without any pathological change.
The writer has so far made seven series of experiments concerning the penetration of the lepra bacilli, the results of which were reported in No. 2 of Volume 6, No. 2 of , and No. 5 of of this paper. The reports may be summerrized as below:
According to the writer's experiments, the bacilli intrusion comes in percentage in the following order:
The highest is the wounded skin, the second is the hair extracted skin, the third is the case where the emulsion was rubbed into the skin and the fourth is the mucous membranes of the eyelid and nostril, finally the healthy skin being the lowest in percentage.
As the results of experiments mentained above the writer does not deny as the Sticker's statement that lepra bacilli intrudes through the nasal mucous membrane.
But the writer cannot entirely agree with Sticker's view so as to the lepra bacilli penetrate mostly through the nasal mucosa. The author, therefore, might make here my own view point, that the lepra bacilli might penetrate mostly through the wounded skin.

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For the future development of the Primate Society of Japan, articles which appeared in the first 9 volumes of PRIMATE RESEARCH were assessed. PRIMATE RESEARCH is published for mutual communication and scientific discussion among Japanese primatologists. The number of articles in each of the major fields of morphology and systematics, ecology and sociology, behavior and psychology, physiology and experimental studies, and conservation and welfare, has been balanced in each volume except volume 5. PRIMATE RESEARCH had been published almost in scheduled dates until but began to delay after 8. The editor must pick up and present information on the activity of the each part of the society and that which is needed by the members of the society. The editor must work hard in searching for important studies and collecting excellent articles and for the perspectives of the society otherwise the journal as well as the society will lose their force of attraction.

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“Hidarimichi-numa” is an irrigation pond in Sakegawamura, Yamagata Prefecture. The present studies have been carried out chiefly from the hydrochemical point of view. Especially, the seasonal change of the quality of water is discussed in this paper. The results are summarized as follows :
(1) The morphometrical data of this lake are given in the following table,
surface area : 4, 350m²
length of shore line : 352m
maximum depth : 4.41m
mean depth : 1.82m
: , 940m³
(2) The chemical analyses reveal that the main dissolved substance of the lake water is sodium chloride which is mainly transported by the monsoon. The concentration of dissolved ions is in the order : Cl^->SO^2-₄>HCO^-₃ for anion and Na⁺>Ca²⁺>Mg²⁺>K⁺ for cation.
(3) In summer, the development of thermal stratification is observed.
(4) Judging from the photosynthetic productivity and the results of chemical analyses, this lake is deduced to be a mesotrophic lake.

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By the water load calculating method, hot-water load is also calculable if a factor is changed.. Comparison of water supply load and hot-water supply load was calculated. Moreover, the calculation of Storage Tank capacity is attained using the rate of load according to the hourly hot-water load rate. The rate of load is based on statistics data in many cases. The peak value of the rate of load by the building scale was investigated.

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This study aims to analyze the standardization of the member size in Kaisan-do and Shoro, Todai-ji as an inevitable preparation for the formation of the Daibutsu style, the new construction method invented by Chogen. 1) Through the calculation of the percentage ratio of timber volume and structural timber , kinds of parts with standardized section are found in Kaisan-do, and similarly 8 kinds of parts with standardized section are found in Shoro. 2) The percentage ratio of timber volume of 7 kinds of standardized parts in Kaisan-do corresponds to 85.23% of total timber volume, while the percentage ratio of structural timber volume corresponds to 95.74% of total structural timber volume. Therefore there is the standardization of the member size in Kaisan-do. 3) The percentage ratio of timber volume of 8 kinds of standardized parts in Shoro corresponds to 90.24% of total timber volume, while the percentage ratio of structural timber volume corresponds to 95.11% of total structural timber volume. Therefore there is the standardization of the member size in Shoro.

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The purpose of this study was to establish the assessment of gingival blood flow by laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) using three parameters; Velocity, Volume, andFlow.
The gingival blood flow (GBF) at the labial attached gingiva of the maxillary incisor was measured by LDF in 10 healthy subjects, 3 men and 7 women. There were inter—and intra—individual variations in the obtained data. CV (coefficient of variance) values in each parameter of GBF while resting were as follows; Velocity: 10.2-34.5%, : .7-45.6%, andFlow: 15.4-67.6%. The effects of changing position, cold stimulus, and the vasoconstrictor (0.1w/v% epinephrine) on GBF were assessed. All three parameters significantly decreased (p<0.01) after the cold stimulus. When the position was changed to the sitting position from the lying one, however, there were significant decrease in Velocity (p<0.001) andFlow (p<0.02) . On the other hand, the local application of the vasoconstrictor caused significant decrease inVolume (p<0.01) andFlow (p<0.01) . Consequently, Flowsignificantly decreased after all the stimuli in the present study, however, the change ofVelocityandVolumewere variable depending on the type of stimulus.
These results suggested that multiple parameters are needed for precise observation and analysis of blood flow.

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Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland Flow-through type fiber-optic chloride ion selective optodes have been developed based on chloride adducts of lipophilic organometallic compounds, including a metal: Sn, Ge, Hg or Hf and a lipophilic anionic indicator dye of the diphenyl amine type. The pellicular-type ODS beads were coated with a lipophilic organic liquid containing the lipophilic organometallic compound as the anion-selective ionophore ligand and LAD-3 as the color changeable indicator dye. The optode system was constructed by packing these color changeable ion sensing beads in the flow-through optical cell (cell , ) having a quartz window attached directly to the distal end of a bifurcated optical fiber. The optode based on tricyclohexyltin chloride (TCTCl) exhibited the most sensitive response to chloride ion among all the sensors using the organometallic compounds investigated. This optode could detect chloride ion in the concentration ranging from 10^-4to 1M at pH 6.5 with a 0.01M sodium phosphate buffer as the flowing solution by measuring the absorbance change in the sensing beads at 516nm. This optode showed sufficient selectivity for the determination of chloride ion in normal human serum.

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