"-toki" is a well-known brand of ANGELICAE RADIX, which is prepared only from Angelica acutiloba roots cultivated in Nara and Wakayama Prefectures in Japan and is prepared with traditional processing steps. In order to compensate for the production of -toki, an exploration of a site which is suitable for the cultivation of A. acutiloba was performed extensively. In the survey, the northern Sichuan province of China was discovered as a candidate and the pilot production of A. acutiloba using Japanese seeds and traditional processing steps was started in 2003. From 2007, -toki has been produced on a productive scale.
The A. acutiloba roots cultivated in the northern Sichuan province were conformed to the Japanese Pharmacopoeia XV standards tests. Three dimensional-HPLC profiles and the amount of some active constituents including (Z)-ligustilide, (Z)-butylidenephthalide and adenosine contained in -toki produced in China were similar to those of -toki produced in Japan. The production of A. acutiloba roots at northern Sichuan province in China will be a promising resource to meet the shortage of -toki supply in Japan.

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Insoluble organic matter isolated from five Antarctic carbonaceous chondrites was heated and compounds released were examined by GC and GU/MS. Over 120 compounds, mainly aromatic compounds and sulfur-containing heterocycles, were identified in pyrolyzates of the -791198 sample. -791198 and -74662 released a relatively large amount of organic compounds over the temperature range of 300-600℃, while the other three samples (-793321, Belgica-7904, and -86720) released almost no compounds. The results indicate that insoluble organic matter in -791198 and -74662 have a thermally labile fraction, whereas the other three do not and insoluble organic matter are graphitic. The difference may be related to thermal history on their parent bodies. Also insoluble organic matter from the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite was analyzed by the same method and the results are generally similar to those of the -791198 sample.

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Analyses of the -74662 carbonaceous chondrite (C2) showed the presence of carboxylic acids, and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with various structural isomers, while those of the -793321 chondrite (C2) did not. The amounts of these compounds in -74662 are similar to those reported in the -791198 chondrite (C2) but less than in the Murchison chondrite (C2). The presence of various structural isomers in carboxylic acids and aromatic hydrocarbons indicated an abiotic origin and therefore, that these compounds are indigenous to the chondrite. n-Alkanes and other homologs of aliphatic hydrocarbons were found. However, these aliphatics may not be indigenous, especially under the finding of pristane and phytane. A potential use of the relative amounts of 1-methylnaphthalene and 2-methylnaphthalene was proposed to deduce the extent of thermal alteration. The result was: -74662<-791198≤Murchison. -793321 probably received the alteration too intensely for these organic compounds to survive and is beyond estimation by this method.

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In August of 1959, I have, from the standpoint of constitutional anthropology, made a study of 535 adult males, original inhabitants of the Harima district (Ono, Miki, Yashiro, Takino) of Hyogo Prefecture. The trunk, limbs, head, face, etc., of the living body were measured and a detailed examination made upon 27 items of measuement and index values. The results were then compared with that of other districts.
Judging from the fact that the inhabitants of the Harima district reveal various qualities of the highest value in constitutional anthropology, it was admitted that they bear a strong resemblance to the peoples of , Izumo and Koma, who have originally immigrated from the Asian Continent and who are considered to have brought over the highest form of culture in pre-historic Japan.
It is an interesting fact that the inhabitants of Harima district who lived within the sphere of influence of the dynasty, should resemble the the people of , more than the inhabitants of Bicchu, Inaba, and Izumo, which are geograpeically more, closely related to .

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Based on the radiometric age (mostly K-Ar and ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar ages) and isotopic ratio data for volcanic rocks recovered from the Japan Sea floor, the formation age and the characteristics of magma sources for these volcanic rocks are discussed. Most volcanic rocks from the and Japan Basins, where oceanic crusts are presumed to exist, show radiometric ages of less than 20Ma. Igneous rocks dredged from such areas as continental remains are conjectured show radiometric ages of more than 100Ma. Volcanic activity in the Bank area along the borderland of the Basin seems to have ceased after 20Ma, which might have related to the formation of the Basin. Combining such data with the detailed information on the obtained ages, the formation of the Basin has been inferred to have started prior to 17Ma and not later than around 25Ma. The Japan Basin probably formed almost at the same period or slightly earlier. ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios for volcanic rocks are systematically different between the Basin and the Bank together with continental shelf areas: the former indicate values of 0.7035-0.7040, whereas the latter of higher than 0.7045. This might reflect the difference in the degree of incorporation of continental crustal materials.

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have, from the standpoint of constitutional anthropology, made a detailed survey of 620 male adults in the vicinity of the present Soja City. This was the central region of the Bichu district, being the cradle of the ancient Kibi civilization. The populace was pretty well settled, and the descendants of the ancient Kibi lineage have flourished there for generations. The study was conducted over a period of 5 months from May to October of 1956 in 34 communities, covering in detail of 26 items. As a result of constitutional investigations we have reached the following conclusions.
Judging from the measurement results of the most valuable features in constitutional anthropology, the people of the Bichu district have been found to bear a close resemblance to the and Izumo peoples who in prehistoric times have migrated from the Asian Mainland bringing over with them a highly developed civilization. It is of special interest to note the relation between the Bichu, Izumo, and peoples; for the Bichu peoples who are descendants of the Kibi lineage, considered to be a branch of the Imperial family, show a stronger affinity to the Izumo peoples with whom they have probably held communication over the Chugoku mountains, rather than to the aforesaid peoples.

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⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar analyses were performed on five igneous rocks dredged from the continental shelves and slopes around the Basin in the central part of the Japan Sea during the GH78-2 Cruise of the Geological Survey of Japan. Three igneous rocks dredged from the slopes of the Japanese Islands show ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar plateau ages of 23-24 Ma. One andesite from the Bank gives a total ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar age of about 26 Ma, whereas one basalt from a height of the northern part of the Basin shows a scattered age spectrum, indicating the existence of excess ⁴⁰Ar. Except for this sample, the other four rocks seem to be related to volcanic activity which occurred before or during the formation of the Basin. Based on the present data together with radiometric ages previously reported for the rocks from the Basin area, the Basin is estimated to have formed during a period prior to 17 Ma and probably later than about 25 Ma.

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It has already been said that the word of "-e" has the very ambiguous meaning, though it is frequently employed on the occasion of treating the subjects of Japanese art history. Now that the scientific and verifiable methods are leading in the study of art history in those day, we should take the description of art history into reconsideration. Then, after taking many examples of "-e" in their contexts which the specialists in Japanese art employed in their recent works, and studying them analytically, I pointed out the diversity of meaning that "-e" has. According to the result, it leads to the issue that we consider the concept of "-e" in the relation to the Japanese art history. We cannot close our eyes to the fact that this word "-e" is simply employed for convenience' sake, nevertheless, we must find it will be entangled in such case, when we describe on the tradition of Japanese art.

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The dried roots of Angelica acutiloba (-toki in Japanese) are an important crude drug component of traditional Chinese prescriptions used to improve menopausal symptoms. The improvement in blood circulation by -toki was revealed by the oral administration of (Z)-ligustilide, a major ingredient of -toki, which showed significant shortening of euglobulin lysis time. This is the first report to reveal fibrinolytic activity of (Z)-ligustilide. Furthermore, ferulic acid and adenosine were two active ingredients with antiplatelet, antierythrocyte aggregation, and fibrinolytic activities. A. acutiloba roots are processed into -toki by Yumomi treatment, which is a traditional processing procedure involving blanching in hot water. Methanol extracts of A. acutiloba roots with or without Yumomi treatment showed similar dose-dependent and significant antierythrocyte aggregation activities. There was no discernable difference in the (Z)-ligustilide, ferulic acid, and adenosine contents between A. acutiloba roots with or without Yumomi treatment. Sugar analysis results indicated that Yumomi processing increases the monosaccharide content, which enhances sweetness. The results showed that (Z)-ligustilide was a fibrinolytic activator. However, there was no enhancement of biological activity following Yumomi treatment. Thus, Yumomi is utilized mainly to improve appearance and quality, as evaluated by sensory tests, and to enhance sweetness and brownish color rather than raising the contents of ingredients.

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イヌモチ (新稱)
常緑喬木、分枝多シ、樹高平均六メートル、樹幹ハ圓柱形ニシテ樹皮ハ帶暗褐緑色ナリ。葉ハ有柄、互生、革質、卵状披針形或ヒハ倒卵形ニシテ稍ゝ鋭尖頭、稀ニハ鈍頭、楔脚、若クハ漸狹脚、葉縁ハ微カニ皺曲ヲ認ムルモ概ネ全縁、葉面ハ滑澤、裏面ハ淡黄緑色、長サ約六センチメートル、幅二-三センチメートル、葉柄ハ横斷面半圓形ニシテ無毛、全長十-十五ミリメートル、アリ。花ハ聚繖花序ニシテ腋生、ソノ花梗ハ稍ゝ細長ニシテ略、十ミリメートル、花冠ハ四深裂、黄緑色、直徑約十一ミリメートル、花瓣ハ外側ニ反飜シ、卵状楕圓形ニシテ長サ約五ミリメートル、幅、三•五ミリメートル、雄蕋ハ四本、葯ハ多少楔状楕圓形ヲ呈シ、二室、花絲ハ纎細ナル鑿形ニシテ微カニ上方ニ彎曲ス、約二ミリメートル、花冠ノ裂片ト略ゝ同長ナリ。雌蕋ハ花柱ヲ缺如ス。柱頭ハ頭形、子房ハ四室。蕚ハ小形、宿存。果實ハ紅色、卵状楕圓形ニシテ大型、長サ約二十-十五ミリメートル、アリ。
此ノもちのき屬ノ一新種ハ予コレヲ大和、上市町附近ノ吉野川ノ沿岸ニ峙ツ妹山ニテ一昨秋同山ノ植物分布調査ノ際初メテ發見セリ。而シテコノ妹山ニ於ケル本植物ノ自生地ハ海拔約二百米突ノ濕潤ナル岩石地ニシテ、ナホコノ木ハ概ネしひのきヲ主樹トスル、あらかし、いちゐがし、むらさきしきぶ、やぶむらさき、てんだいうやく、やぶにくけい、るりだまのき、いぬぐす、ふじ、いぬびは、すぎ等ノ森林中ニ散生セリ。
而シテコノ植物ノもちのきト相異ル著シキ特徴ハソノ果實ハもちのきニ比シ遙カニ楕圓形ヲ呈シ、且ツ大型ニシテ花梗モ纎長、ナホ、樹皮ヨリハ鳥黐ヲ製スルコト不適當ナリ。因テ予ハコレヲ特ニいぬもちト命名シもちのきト區別セリ。

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南極やまと山脈付近で採取されたレルゾライト質シャーゴッタイト 000027と 000097の希ガス同位体を測定した結果、これら二つの隕石はペアであることや、これまで見つかっていて希ガス同位体の分析結果が報告されている４個のシャーゴッタイトと一緒に約４百万年前に火星から放出されたことがわかった。また、これらの隕石には火星の大気起源と思われる、129Xeや40Arの過剰が検出された。 000027に存在する、衝撃加熱と急冷で作られた溶融脈には他の組織に較べて多量の希ガスが含まれている。この希ガスの同位体組成からは、低温で放出されるものは地球大気起源、高温で放出される部分は火星起源であることがわかった。

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The ‘-mune’, or ‘takahei’, is a type of roofing popular among private houses. What characterizes it is the way that the thatched gable roof has its gable-walls plastered with wall mud and then covered with tiles. The aim of this thesis is to classify its varied forms and examine the distribution as well as the route of distribution of those various forms in order to throw light on the process of development of the ‘-mune’.
Several varieties are found in the ‘-mune’ roofing:
I. the fundamental type; ‘takahei’, ‘naka-takahei’, ‘hizumi-takahei’;
II. the tiled-roof type; ‘hakomune’, ‘daimune’, ‘okimune’;
III. the intermediate type; ‘ryogawa-danchigai’, ‘kata-takahei’;
IV. the ‘Koshiore’ type;
V. the Kawachi type;
VI. the cryptmeria bark- or board-roof type;
VII. the zinc-roof type;
IIX. other varieties.
The ‘-mune’ is mainly used in the Basin, but the range of its distribution extends west to Kawachi, Settsu, and Izumi, east to the Iga Basin, south to the basin of the River Yoshino (or Kinokawa), and north as far as that part of southern, Yamashiro along the River Kizu. It is also found at a few specific places outside this general range. Distrtbution of several of its varieties is as follows:
the fundamental type: to be found in the Basin;
the Kawachi type: Kawachi, Settsu, and Izumi;
the ‘hizumi-takahei’ Kawachi: southern and middle Kawachi, Kii;
the ‘daimune’ tiled-roof type: north Kawachi;
the ‘higashi-sanchu’ tiled-roof type: the Plateau;
the ‘uda-sanchu’ cryptmeria bark-or board-roof type: Oku-uda districts.
The ‘-mune’ roofs seem to be distributed along routes of traffic or along rounts of migration of the carpenters. As we move along the principal rountes of traffic from the Basin to the surrounding districts, we find the fundamental type gradually changed to or replaced by other types. For instance:
the fundamental type—the intermediate type—another type of roofing, principally the ‘irimoya’ roofing, which originally belonged to those districts surrounding the Basin;
the fundamental type—the ‘hakomune’—the ‘daimune’;
—the Kawachi type;
—the ‘daimune’ or the ‘koshiore’;
—the ‘higashi—sanchu’—the Iga type (the tiled-roof ‘yosemune’); etc.
The fundamental type found in the Basin is obviously the original ‘-mune’, and the genealogy of the fundamental type is to be further questioned. At present the writer of this thesis tends to think that its prototype would be either the ‘takahei’ roof or the ‘naka-takahei’ roof. This, however, will have to be treated in another thesis.

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Four CM2 chondrites from Antarctica were analyzed for nucleic acid bases. The -74662 and -791198 chondrites gave positive evidence for the presence of guanine, tentative evidence for xanthine, and possibly hypoxanthine. Their individual abundances were in the range of 420 to 30 ng/g in the two chondrites, while no pyrimidines were found. No purines and pyrimidines were found in the -793321 and Belgica-7904 chondrites.

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In order to obtain basic information for genetic improvement of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, differences in catchability and pulling strength in Japanese and European races were studied. The mirror carp was most catchable, the asagi intermediate, and the and the wild carps least catchable. When artificial feed was the bait, all differences between races were significant except that between the and wild carps; the rank was as follows: mirror>asagi>≥wild. When the bait was earthworms, however, the only significant difference was that between the asagi and wild carps. The mirror carp had the lowest pulling strength, and the scaly German carp was intermediate between that of the mirror and the Japanese carps. Among the Japanese carps the only significant difference was that between the and the asagi carps. These results in pulling strength were the same whether the carps were cultivated in standing- or running-water ponds.

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The Yoshino diversion (Yoshino Bunsui) was established to supply irrigation water from the Yoshino River to the plain. In order to examine fish introductions through the canals of the Yoshino Bunsui, the genetic structure of 17 populations of dark chub Zacco temminckii collected from the and Yoshino rivers were analyzed and their mtDNA ND2 sequences studied. A total of 16 haplotypes were detected in 261 individuals, 6 haplotypes being present in both rivers. In the River, the shared haplotypes were found to be associated with the locations of inflows from the Yoshino Bunsui. On the other hand, the majority of haplotypes found in individuals from the River were not found in those from the Yoshino River. This study confirmed the secondary introduction of dark chub from the Yoshino River into the River via the Yoshino Bunsui.

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(Spediteur) behaupt, dass die neue System der Postpaketgebuhren wird einer unberechtig Ausverkauf und Kartellgesetz-ubertretung. fordert das Verbot. Das Gericht weist die Behauptung ab. Wahrscheinlich ist es angemessen. Denn, Ich denke, dass das Unternehmensausfuhrung des sei unbewegt und so das Postpaket macht es schwierig nicht. Aber, angesichts anderes Falls, vermute Ich, es besteht eine Tendenz des Gerichtes, der Anerkennung des "unberechtig Ausverkauf" eng Schranken zu setzen.

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　第39次日本南極地域観測隊によって1999年に発見，採集された (Y) 983885隕石は，その岩石・鉱物学的特徴から月起源であることが報告されている[1]。本研究では月隕石Y983885をより詳細に観察・分析して，その起源を考察した。　月の岩石あるいは隕石は，それに含まれるAlとFeの濃度によって化学的に大きく二種類に分類できる。すなわち，Alに富み，Feに乏しい月の高地起源の斜長岩的な岩石とAlに乏しく，Feに富む月の海の玄武岩である。前者の例としてはDhofar 026 (Al₂O₃≒30 wt% [2])，後者の例としてはNorthwest Africa 032 (Al₂O₃≒9 wt% [3]) が挙げられる。Y983885は，主としてCaに富む斜長石（An_89-98）などの多数の岩片が細粒のガラス質マトリックス中に埋め込まれているといった特徴から，月の高地起源の斜長岩質レゴリス角礫岩に分類されている[1]。しかし，詳細な組織観察と化学分析の結果，Feに富むマフィック鉱物を含む岩片（最大で約0.4 mm）が含まれていることが分かった。この岩片は組織および組成から月の海の玄武岩起源であると考えられる。実際，Y983885の全岩の主要元素化学分析によると[1]，Al₂O₃濃度は21.8 wt%であり，他の斜長岩質月隕石や月高地 (Al₂O₃≒25 wt% [4]) のそれよりも低いことが分かる。こうした“混合”月隕石はCalcalong Creekでも報告されており[5]，そのAl₂O₃濃度は約21 wt%とY983885に近い値を持つ。また，Y983885のFeやMgの濃度 (FeO=9.4 wt%, MgO=8.0 wt% [1]) が月高地の値 (FeO=6.6 wt%, MgO=6.8 wt% [4]) よりも高いことは月の海の玄武岩成分を含むことと調和的である。さらに今後，こうした中間的な組成を持つ月隕石が発見されるだろう。　【参考文献】[1] Kaiden H. and Kojima H. (2002) Antarctic Meteorites XXVII, 49-51. [2] Taylor L.A. et al. (2001) LPS XXXII, #1985. [3] Fagan T.J. et al. (2002) Meteorit. Planet. Sci., 37, 371-394. [4] Taylor S.R. (1982) Planetary Science: A lunar perspective. Lunar Planet. Inst., 481 pp. [5] Hill D.H. et al. (1991) Nature, 352, 614-617.

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