The possibility of attenuation of microseismic waves due to the presence of an upward folding of the ocean bottom into the liquid is discussed in this paper. The upward folding of the ocean bottom has been idealized by means of an irregularity in the form of a rectangle intruding into the liquid and the evaluation of the displacement component at any point of the solid medium has been carried out in two stages. First, the change in the incident mode of the surface wave due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity has been determined, and second, the subsequent change of the resulting displacement components due to the termination of the liquid layer and the step change in elevation of the solid medium at the continental margin has been discovered. Finally, numerical calculation has been made to determine the attenuation of the microseismic waves of different periods due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity at the ocean bottom.

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A methanol extract of the flowers of Mammea siamensis (Calophyllaceae) was found to inhibit enzymatic activity against aromatase (IC₅₀=16.5 µg/mL). From the extract, two new geranylated coumarins, mammeasins C (1) and D (), were isolated together with seven coumarins: -hydroxy-5-methyl--(,-dimethyl-octa-,6-dienyl)-9-(-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-,5-dihydropyrano[,,-de]chromen--one (9), -hydroxy-5-methyl--(,-dimethyl-octa-,6-dienyl)-9-(-methyl-1-oxobutyl)-,5-dihydropyrano[,,-de]chromen--one (10), mammeas A/AA (14), A/AB (15), A/AA cyclo D (18), / (23), and / cyclo D (25). The structures of 1 and were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Among the isolates including 17 previously reported coumarins, 1 (IC₅₀=. µM), (.6 µM), and mammea /AB cyclo D (21, .1 µM) showed relatively strong inhibitory activities comparable to the activity of the synthetic nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide (. µM).

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The applicability of a method for predicting 'bearing capacity increase'in reinforced sandy ground was examined using tests performed under various test conditions. It was found that the present method predicted, with reasonable accuracy, the bearing capacity increase in sandy ground, reinforced with stiff reinforcement. This method may not be applicable for sandy ground reinforced with extensible reinforcement due to the unsuccessful formation of a semirigid zone under the footing. An investigation into the settlement of a footing on reinforced sandy ground, at ultimate footing load condition, suggested that the settlement of footing for reaching peak footing load may be correlated to the 'deep-footing'and the 'wide-slab'mechanisms. That is, the ultimate settlement ratio between reinforced and unreinforced model sandy ground, SR_f, may be linearly correlated to 'BCR_D'and 'BCR_s', which represent 'deep-footing' and 'wide-slab'effects, respectively, on the ultimate bearing capacity increase in reinforced sandy ground.

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Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were tested for cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells in a study utilizing a chemically induced cancer ofthe bladder (transitional cell carcinoma), -47, in inbred ACI/N rats. From tumors grown after subcutaneous implantation of -47 in the rats TIL were separated by density gradient centrifugation and incubated in plastic dishes for separation of non-adherent from adherent cells. The non-adherent cells were further fractionated into T and cells by the panning method using anti-rat F(ab')

2

antibody. The cell fractions were each added to

BC

-47 in culture to be assessed for antitumor effect by the crystal violet dye exclusion method and

3

H-thymidine incorporation inhibition assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were also tested as described above. TIL expressed significantly higher cytotoxicity against

BC

-47 with the mean % cytotoxicity of 56.6±5.6% and 87.5±

7

.1% at

E

/T ratios of 10:1 and 20:1, respectively, as compared to PBMC(9.9±5.

0

% at

E

/T 10:1) (P<

0

.001). The adherent cells,

B

and T cell fractions showed respective % cytotoxicity of 92.

4

±

2

.

8

%, 57.9±10.6% and 9.9±

7

.

8

% at an

E

/T ratio of 10:1. TIL pretreated with IFN or rIL-

2

for 24or 48 hours did not exhibit any noticeably enhanced antitumor activity at an

E

/T ratio of 5:1. Prevention of direct contact of

BC

-47 cells and TIL by an interposed Millipore membrane (

0.45μm

) resulted in an unequivocal reduction of antitumor effect. This finding clearly indicates that the direct contact with

BC

-47cells and TIL is necessary for TIL to manifest their cytotoxicity against the autologous tumor cells, suggesting that TIL exhibit autologous tumor killing activity through cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

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The effect of composition and controlled thermomechanical process parameters on the mechanical properties of HSLA steels is modelled using the Widrow-Hoff's concept of training a neural net with feed-forward topology by applying Rumelhart's back propagation type algorithm for supervised learning, using a Petri like net structure. The data used are from laboratory experiments as well as from the published literature. The results from the neural network are found to be consistent and in good agreement with the experimented results.

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An unsupervised learning technique and an associative memory have been used for encoding weights by a special type of Petri network named Petri neural net for modelling the influence of alloying elements on the final property of the high strength low alloy steel. The combined effects of alloying elements for different strengthening mechanisms is predicted when weights and threshold values are chosen on the basis of metallurgical understanding. The technique is found to be effective to create an associative memory of input-output relations in unknown data sets so that the same can be subsequently be used as a predictive tool.

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Primarily from the point of view of improvement of yield strength due to additions of niobium, titanium and boron in HSLA steels, the experimental steels are divided into five classes. The data are then supplied for learning a Self Organising Map (Kohonen network). It is found that the network with six neurons possesses better capacity of prediction with unknown data. Another effort of clustering the steels according to its major strength contributing mechanisms is also made. But the capacity of the network to cluster unknown data is found to be rather poor and has failed to follow from the metallurgical principles. To avoid this limitation, Learning Vector Quantisation method is adopted to impart a certain amount of supervision in the learning process and it is found that the training pattern of the network attains a good convergence thereby leading to a good predictive ability.

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A boron treated copper bearing HSLA steel containing austenite formers like manganese and nickel, somewhat lower in amount than that in HSLA 100 variety of steel is chosen for the study. The role of thermomechanical processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the above steel has been investigated. Differential scanning calorimetric study is carried out for understanding the precipitation behaviour of copper in HSLA steel under the influence of boron. The microstructure of the experimental steel is found to consist of laths of martensites and bainite. MA constituents of ribbon like morphology are observed at the lath boundaries. Higher strength properties of the steel are attributed to the presence of finely distributed precipitates of copper and microalloy carbides.

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Horizontal plate anchors are widely used in civil engineering constructions to resist vertical pulling loads. The available theoretical model suggested by Vesic to estimate the breakout resistance of plate anchors is in significant error, particularly for dense sandy soils. A theoretical model assuming a curved surface of failure through the surrounding soil, to evaluate the ultimate breakout resistance of horizontal plate anchors, has been proposed. It successfully brings out the concept of characteristics relative depth beyond which the breakout factor reaches a constant final value. It is capable of predicting breakout factors for wide range of values of angle of shearing resistance of sand.

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This article examines the epigraphic sources from the late third millennium

from the city of Ur in southern Mesopotamia in order to reconstruct the organization of the city’s centrally controlled storehouse --, and to analyze the in- and outflow of products and commodities in this facility. It is argued that a better understanding of the administrative context of this institution as it is reflected in the textual documentation can help us reconstruct in more concrete terms the overall structure of the higher levels of the so-called household economy of the third millennium Sumerian city-states.

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Nine isoquinoline alkaloids belonging to the protoberberine, proaporphine and bisbenzyl-isoquinoline series were isolated from Caryomene olivascens (Menispermaceae). Four compounds are new : (-)--norlimacine (), (-)-caryolivine (6), (+)-1, -dehydro--norlimacusine (9) and N-formylstepharine (). The last one is the first N-formyl derivative to be reported in the proaporphine group. Its biogenetic origin is discussed. Structures were established on the basis of 360 MHz (FT) nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and also by chemical correlation in the case of .

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We screened the differentiation-inducing activities of 39 mushroom extracts from Akita prefecture, Japan, on the mouse osteoblastic cell line, MCT-1. Sixteen phosphate buffered saline (PBS), boiled PBS, 14 ethanol and 12 methanol extracts induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, an indicator of MCT-1 cell differentiation. The enzyme activities were markedly induced by extracts of Tricholoma auratum, and we isolated the active compound from methanol extracts of this mushroom. Physical data for the isolated active compound were identical to those for (,24R)-ergosta-,-diene-,5α,6β-triol (1). 1 induced ALP activities of MCT-1 cells and promoted cell proliferation. To investigate the relationships between the chemical structure and differentiation-inducing activity of the compound, ALP-inducing activities of MCT-1 cells by 1, ergosterol (), ergocalciferol (), cholesta-,5α,6β-triol (), -dehydrocholesterol (5) and cholecalciferol (6) were tested. The enzyme activities of MCT-1 cells were increased .-fold by 10 μM 1 and .-fold by 10 μM . However, , , 5 and 6 did not induce MCT-1 cell ALP activity at .1—10 μM. These results suggested that the OH groups at C-5 and/or C-6 of 1 and played an important role in their differentiation-inducing activities on MCT-1 cells. Furthermore, 1 suppressed induction of MCT-1 cell apoptosis by serum starvation.

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Simultaneous measurements of the total geomagnetic field intensity by the same type of the proton precession magnetometers at two stations in NW Turkey have been taken cooperatively by a research group since December 1970. Up to the end of July 1971 mainly three probable local magnetic changes were observed. It was seen that after a decrease in the local field at a magnetic station (Erdek) a few earthquakes occured at either nearly N or S of that station, and after an increase in the local field an earthquake took place nearly W of the same station. In this paper the data and some results of the first part of observations are given.

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