The effects of composition of carrier transport layer (CTL) and preparing conditions on crack, using tetra-phenyl-butadiene derivatives (1, 1-Bis (p-diethyl aminophenyl)-4, 4-diphenyl-1, 3-butadiene.) as carrier transport materials (CTM), have been studied.
CTM concentration in CTL and baking conditions depend scarcely on crack. Cooling rate after baking OPC depend strongly on crack. No cracks were observed in the case of fast cooling rate (∼ 30.0 °C/s).
There is no difference in mechanical properties and electrostatic properties of OPC between the OPC which cooled fast and the OPC which cooled normally. It was suggested that the crack phenomenon was caused by some aggregation of CTM in the CTL or at the CTL surface.

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The authors developed a small low-ozone-emission solid-state charger for laser printers and copy machines. The solid-state charger consists of a solid-state ion generator and an ozone decomposition space. The A3-sized solid-state ion generator is 360 mm in length, 0.6 mm in thickness and 10 mm in width. Its volume is less than 4 % of the volume of a conventional wire-charger. An AC voltage of 2.4 kVp-p (5 kHz) is applied to the solid-state ion generator, and an ion current that is sufficient for a printing speed of 20 PPM is generated. In order to attain the required service life of several hundred hours, a thin film layer of SiO₂ is used to protect the ion generator electrode. In addition, a heater is used behind the ceramic substrate to remove moisture and prevent the generation of nitric acid. The ozone decomposition space is also heated to decompose the generated ozone. Consequently, ozone emission is less than 20 % of that in a conventional wire-charger.

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An image display system using toner image was developed. In such system, it is difficult to use photoconductive recording material because of light fatigue. Thus a magnetic stylus recording system was chosen for this display system.
This paper describes characteristics of the recording system using conductive magnetic toner for image display system. Toner particle size and thickness of recording layer influence gamma characteristics strongly. An imaging system which gives sufficient optical density with recording voltage of 30 V was accomplished. Cleaning and toner reusing system are also important for successive image formation. Bias voltage is applied on the cleaner brush to prevent the formation of residual image and background caused by triboelectric charging of imaging sheet.

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We have investigated the photo-effect of new organic-inorganic hybrid photoconductive layer prepared by so1-gel method. It is found that TiO₂ G1ass binder-x-H₂Pc hybrid layer prepared by sol-gel method has a UV quenching effect in the atmosphere. The photocurrent based on H₂Pc excitation light is quenched by overlapping UV light and is rapidly decreased to dark level UV quenching effect is caused by peculiar surface interaction at interface between p-type organic photoconductor and n-type inorganic photoconductor.

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TonerJet is a novel non-impact non-photoconductive direct toner print technology. Unlike the photoconductive printing concept, TonerJet does not require an intermediate storage of the developed image, but is able to transfer toner directly on paper from the developer roller. This feature means that single pass (tandem) multichrome printing is accomplished with few components to low manufacturing cost (less than $500 engine cost) and high print speed (l0-20 ppm).
TonerJet has been developed for 10 years by Array Printers in Sweden and is now offered on license to manufacturers of printers, copiers, and faxes. Array has seven licensees and R&D partners. Monochrome TonerJet products started shipping in January 1997 and color products are expected by the Winter 1998/99.
This paper presents a recent technological breakthrough for TonerJet using Dot Deflection Control (DDC).

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