抄録
In Germany, from 19th to 20th century, there is a nationalistic movement like Heimatschutz movement which is one form of a "Progerssive Attitude" in a less advanced country. In this progressive mood, Muthesius investigated English house-type and wrote "Das englische Haus" to enlighten Gereman artists and architects. This house-type is a functional, practical, domestic, rural and friendly type of the day. And it is a national art which English people made their tradition evolved successively, and was born from fruits of English houses designed by excellent artists or architects for cultured clients. Following that, he proposed a theme to typfy a design to be acknowledged internationally, at the convention of Deutscher Werkbund in 1914. Thus, Muthesius's type is a cultural concept, and we can find that accordingly, it developed from an individual-cultural type to an universal-cultural type. There are many people who think that, Muthesius's concept of typification developed the Modern Architecture. But it is not right. The type which developed the Modern Architecture was not continuous with traditions (cultural), but a civilizational type-I will discuss it in the next paper-which is revolutionarily born from a social trend which aim at indusrialization.
