日本建築学会論文報告集

表紙

原稿種別: 表紙
1984 年345 巻 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Cover1

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目次

原稿種別: 表紙
1984 年345 巻 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Cover2

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CONTENTS

原稿種別: 目次
1984 年345 巻 p. Toc1-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Toc1

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訂正

原稿種別: 目次
1984 年345 巻 p. Toc2-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Toc2

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奥付

原稿種別: 目次
1984 年345 巻 p. Toc3-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Toc3

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鋼構造物におよぼす捩りモーメントの影響 : 部材の捩り評価について

木村衛

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 1-8
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_1

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Structural design usually does not treat torsional analysis, hence there exist no practical evaluation method of tosional effect. It is attempted to propose a practical method of evaluating torsional effect, making use of ordinary bending moments, shear forces and bending deflections. A set of approximate equations were derived from the stiffeness ratio of the St. Venant's torsion to the Wagner's torsion. Numerical examples were compared with some experimental results, and the proposed method was proved to give practically good prediction of torsional behavior of structural memberes.

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軽鋼構造骨組の耐力と変形能力に関する実験的研究

小野徹郎, 坂口輝吉

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 9-17
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_9

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The objectives of this paper are to understand the plastic behavior of cold formed members and to establish the evaluating method of deformation capacity and ultimate strength for the antiseismic design of these steel structures. In the course of this reserch, a total of 25 specimens of cold formed steel beams and 8 specimens of these protal frames including of the braced frame are tested. The test parameters of beam specimens are the shapes of cross section, slenderness ratio and moment distributions. The parameters of frame tests are the cross section of colum members, the details of connection and the boundary condition of base. Experimental results are discussed comparing with that of the heavy steel members and frames. On the cold formed steel members, the ultimate strength can not exceed full plastic moment M_p and local bucking occures at the early stage. The critical buckling stress are not over the yield stress point. From the above reasons, the deformation angle θ_y at the yield moment M_y are introduced for the base evaluated value. The load deflection capacities enough to insure the safety of structures on the antiseismic design. On these structures, the stiffness of connections have not bad effects on deformation capacity. Finally, from these experimental results, the new evaluated method of deformation capacity and ultimate strength for the antiseismic design of these steel structures that have large wide-thickness ratio are proposed.

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曲線座標系における乱流モデルの適用について : 地形の影響を受けた強風の乱流構造に関する数値解析的研究その 1

藤本盛久, 大熊武司, 田村哲郎

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 18-29
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_18

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This paper is presented for the purpose of clarifying how the various kinds of terrain effect on the turbulent structures of the wind flow. In accordance with this purpose, two turbulence models ; i. e. Two-equation (q & ε) model and Subgrid scale model, are transformed into those represented by curvilinear coordinate system, utilizing the numerical solution of Poisson equation. These two methods are used in order to solve the turbulent flow over the two-dimensional bell-shaped hill. The results are compared with those by the wind tunnel measurements, and the advantages and disadvantages of these two methods are discussed.

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支点加速度外乱を受ける梁の確率的非定常応答 : I : ホワィト外乱 (概要)

田坂誠一, 武藤厚, 加藤史郎

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 30-40
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_30

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Nonstationary response of a linear elastic beam subjected to, at its end supports, vertical ground accelerations is considered. The ground accelerations are assumed to be nonstationary Gaussian white noises which may have different spectral densities, different envelope functions and arbitrary arrival time differences. The analysis is based on the mode superposition procedure together with the Markov vector approach by which the exact statistical quantities up to the second order of the beam response are derived. A Monte Carlo simulation is performed for the purpose of not only further applications but an effective usage in our analysis. Comparison of numerical results obtained by these two procedures is made, and the effect of two-point support excitations, with or without arrival time differences, on the nonstationary stochastic response of the beam is discussed.

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高張力鋼を用いた SRC 梁柱接合部の耐力および履歴性状に関する実験的研究

鈴木敏郎, 滝口克己, 岡本哲美, 加藤征宏

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 41-49
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_41

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This study is a series of inverstigations of which the object is to develop a new SRC, [H or cross H shaped high strength steel]-[concrete]-[hoop reinforcements] composite, in which longitudinal reinforcements are not used. The nominal strength of the steel plate used in the specimens was 80kg/mm^2. The specimens were cross shaped frames, of which the beams were steel and the columns were SRC. Experimental parameters were the thickness of the steel web panel and the constant axial load. In this paper, the test results are expressed, and the calculating method of the approximate strength of SRC is proposed. Through the investigations, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) In spite of the ratio of panel strength to column strength, load-deflection curves were stable. (2) Notwithstanding the combination of [high strength steel]+[concrete], the steel column could display its own capacity owing to the effect of restraint by hoops. (3) Nearly all hoops in the panel were yielded. That is to say, all hoops effectively resisted shearing force. (4) Calculated values of the ultimate strength of SRC panels by the proposed method were neary equal to the test results.

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鉄骨ラーメンの弾塑性変形性状に及ぼす局部座屈の影響

松井千秋, 吉住孝志

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 50-60
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_50

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Mild steel portal frame specimens are tested under the constant vertical and monotonic alternating horizontal loads, in order to clarify the influence of the local buckling on inelastic behavior of steel frames. The frame specimens are assembled by welding from H-shape columns and a rolled H-shape beam. As the experimental parameters, width-to-thickness ratio of the flange and web of column cross section and axial load of column. Twenty six specimens are tested. Load carring capacity and deformation capacity are investigated, and it is shown that experimental behavior of the locally buckling frames is well predicted by the analysis based on the plastic hinge method in which the decrease of the full plastic moment of the cross section due to the local buckling is taken into consideration.

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フラットスラブの柱配置について

松井源吾

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 61-69
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_61

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Flat slabs are usually supported by rows of columns distributed at the vertices of a square. In this study several manners of column arrangements in the flat slab structure are compared. Comparison is made by means of the total bending moment M, which is obtained by Eq.1. For this purpose the slab is divided into two areas : the portion of the plate around the column (A in Fig.2) and the middle portion surrounded by the boundaries of the others. Considering the former as the circular plate leads to the the solution M_1 (Eq.3). For the latter M_2 (Eq.4) is obtained. In Figs. 4, 6, 8 the lines indicating M_2=0 are found in fairly good agreement with the boundaries of the portion A. The total bending moment M, provided by M_1+M_2, along the diagonal line of the slab is shown in Fig.5, in which the results given by the membrane experiment (Phot.1) and the finite element method are also presented. For various column arrangements at the vertices of regular triangle and hexagon etc., the total bending moments, M_1+M_2, are obtained in the same fashion. From the above discussion it is advised that the flat slab structures should have column arrangements with small middle portions.

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コンクリート充てん角形鋼管柱の弾塑性性状について

鈴木敏郎, 木村衛, 小河利行, 伊藤栄俊, 宮下真一

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 70-78
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_70

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The concrete-filled steel tubular columns are expected to have many excellent features. Among these, we expected the effect of multiplication that the fullfilled concrete prevents the local buckling of the column walls as well as they restrain the concrete like the hoop reinforcements. This results in the excellent improvement of the stiffness, ultimate strength and deformation capacity of the columns. In this paper, these effects are explained from the experiments of the stub-columns and subassemblages where the column width-to-wall thickness ratio is chosen as an experimental parameter. It is noted that these multiplication effects are evidently recognized as the width-to-thickness ratio becomes large.

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杭の水平極限支持力の理論的解析法に関する研究(斜杭および斜め荷重を含む) : 第 1 報杭の受働土圧に関する解析法

国府田誠, 榎並昭

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1984 年345 巻 p. 79-91
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_79

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The loads on piles are frequently a combination of vertical and horizontal loads resulting in inclined resultant loads. The lateral bearing capacity of piles is infulenced significantly by this inclined loads. So it is necessary to evaluate the passive-earth-pressure of piles considered the friction between the pile surface and the soil for calculating ultimate latelal resistance of piles subjected to inclined loads. Extensive theoretical studies have been carried out on single vertical piles subjected to horizontal loads. However, to date there does not appear to be any theoretical analysis on vertical and batter piles subjected to inclined loading in various soil condition. The first part of this paper deals with the passive-earth-pressure of vertical and batter piles considered the friction between pile surface and soil.

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熱環境からみた冬期の居住性能に関する地域特性の分析 : 東北地方都市部を対象として

吉野博, 長谷川房雄, 沢田紘次, 石川善美, 赤林伸一, 菊田道宣

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 92-103
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_92

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The thermal performance and occupant's behavior of about 1000 detached houses in Tohoku city area and also in Sapporo and Tokyo as references were investigated in winter of 1982 by means of questionnaire and liquidcrystal thermometers. The regional characteristics of such thermal performance and occupant's behavior of houses was analysed by a multi-variate analysis method. The results are shown as follows : 1. It was found that the cities of Tohoku area could be divided into three groups from the view point of thermal performance and occupant's behavior. Aomori and Akita were comparatively similar to Sapporo. Miyako, Fukushima and Iwaki were almost equal to Tokyo. 2. Among many factors of thermal performance and occupant's behavior, the room temperature, hours of heating, heating apparatuses, oil consumption, etc. were different between above three groups. In Aomori and Akita, the living room temperature is higher, the hours of heating is longer and oil consumption is greater than the other groups. In Miyako, Fukushima and Iwaki, the opposite characteristics was found. In the other cities, such factors were distributed between each house. On the other hand, there were little difference in performance level of thermal insulation and air-tightness between three groups, except that only in Aomori, windows usually were furnished with double glazings. 3. Average air temperature in living room of all houses during heating time after supper was 17.9℃. Average living room temperature is more than 20℃ in Sapporo, Aomori and Akita, and was less than 18℃ in Miyako, Fukushima and Iwaki. Especially the living room temperature in Fukushima is as low as 14.9℃.

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高速鉄道走行に起因する木造家屋の振動とその軽減

上田周明

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 104-114
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_104

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This paper is an arrangement of the proceeding reports obtained as the result of a series of tests carried out from 1975 to 1979, in order to comprehend the wooden house vibration properties and to find out an effective vibration reduction countermeasure meeting the Enviromental Agency recommendation. In 1.1, the author explains the source vibration properties for the frequency character of ground vibration and for the distribution of vibration level; 1.2, the author comments on the countermeasures for vibration reduction due to running train. In 2.1, the author explains the investigation method and results of 15 houses and 39 rooms to realize the actual wooden house vibration; 2.2, the author explains 7 conditions for a general application to the wooden houses along the railway and 5 items and 12 methods, for vibration reduction test execution; 2.3 is the outline and result of the test house experiments. Part 3 is the establishment of vibration-reduction work standard and its effect affirmation test at actual 3 houses.

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住宅階段利用時のエネルギー負荷に関する検討

宇野英隆, 古瀬敏

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 115-121
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_115

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Every previous literature points out that stair use requires a lot of energy, and that gentle stairs are desirable from the viewpoint of work load. However, such a requirement is in conflict with the condition of present domestic stair dimensions because it is usually steeper stairs that dwellings have because only a narrow space is available. In this report, the relationship between stair dimensions and rate of energy expenditure was investigated in order to decide a maximum allowable pitch for domestic stairs. Three experimental stairs were used to produce various dimensional combination of tread going and riser height; three subjects climbed up and down the stairs, and their heart rate was used as a measure of the energy requirements. Its relationship with the oxygen consumption was established in advance by treadmill walking test. A continuous climbing-up of a high rise office building also provided data on the change of heart rate during stair use. A careful examination of obtained data suggests no definite maximum pitch for domestic stairs; the hypothesis that there exists a limit of allowable pitch from energy expenditure is applicable only to public ones where a walking speed is imposed by other users. Present study gives a conclusion that other factors such as safety or usability determine necessary dimensions for domestic stairs.

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「逃げの空間」をもつ平面用途分化型における使われ方の検証 : 保育所乳児部 (3 才未満児) の平面用途構成に関する研究その 4

青木正夫, 竹下輝和

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 122-130
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_122

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The purpose of this paper is to verify the rightfulness of the planning guide shown before, by examining how to use the babies' room to which has been applied it actually. The results of this fourth paper are summerized as follows; 1. It is verified that the case of the room with "a spare space" "A spare space" means such a waiting room as is indispensable to carry out the nursing conversion smoothly. satisfying the nursing conversions is more advanced than that of the room without it from the viewpoint of the care by the nurse staffs for the babies' activities. 2. It is very important how to secure a playing zone in a babies' room. The comparatively better way, judging from the point of the care at the nursing conversions, is to plan a babies' room so that not a dining space but a sleeping space and "a spare space" can be used as a playing zone. 3. When a babies' room is planned through the application of the planning guide shown before, nurse staffs should not take care of decided babies but any babies who come into the decided zone, that is, they should not take "man-to-man nurse charge system" but "zone nurse charge system". Because the former way makes them feel more fatigue physically than the latter.

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山の手住宅地における高齢者の宅地・住宅の所有と居住実態について : 既成市街地の高齢者居住に関する研究 (1)

松本暢子

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 131-139
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_131

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In residential district of the metropolitan area, it has teudeucy to raise the rate of aged people. It is the purpose of my study to find the method for forming a balanced resideutial district, through understanding the actual condition on aging, their living arrangemeut process up to the preseut and the tenure of dwelling houses and lands. The summary of findings and ploblems in residential district of Yamanote area is as follows : (1) The living arrangement was related to the tenure of dwelling houses and lands. (2) The living arrangement was related to total floor area. (3) The dwelling condition on aging was classified 5 types that it was based on living arrangement and dwelling condition. Neary 70 percent of aged people living there for long time lived in the same house with the young family. If they have a space in reserve, their houses may be renew or alteration and they may be realize a plan that they live with the young family. Although there is some risk of there being a densely built-up district, it is possible that the balanced residential district is succed to the future. As against on the houses living a household of aged people, the maintenance capacity will be down. Therefore they may be overage one, or they may be subdivided into minute lots.

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市町村類型による圏域の設定とその地域構造に関する研究

青木志郎, 和田幸信

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 140-150
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_140

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This paper makes clear characterlstics of zones which are organized by urbanization. Conclusions are as follows. (1) The major facter which characterizes municipalities (cities, towns, and villages) is urbanization. It's a dynamic transion of region that unequal development of industries causes difference of regional economies, thus densely inhabited area is organized by concentration of population to economically superior region. (2) Accessbility to metropolice and locating in trafic network are main reasons to create 2 zones; namely metropolitan zone and provincial zone. (3) In metropolitan zone, urbanization of manicipality is not determined by its population but accessbility to metropolice. Thus homogeneously urbanized region is organized. (4) In provincial zone, urbanization of municipality is proportioned to its population (5) In regional planning, we must pay attention to characteristics of municipality which are regulated by zone.

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寛文度御所造営における中井配下の棟梁層の構成

吉田純一

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 151-157
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_151

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The chief-carpenters who were controlled by Nakai family were forming their own class of carpenters, during the kanbun period. In this paper I am proving the following two points. 1) During the kanbun period, one hundred and twenty-five chief-carperters were under the controlled of the Nakai family. 2) They were organized in the following hyrarchy : [graph]

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フランス啓蒙主義建築思潮におけるティプとスティル

白井秀和

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 158-166
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_158

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18 世紀アメリカにおけるアマチュア建築家について : その 2. 建築技術職人 : アメリカ折衷主義建築に関する研究 (3)

河辺聡

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 167-174
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_167

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This is a part of studies about Eclecticism in American architectural history. In this paper, I studied about trades' professions. Amateur architect of 18th century of America, which I had reported as "Eclecticism study 2" before, consists of two kinds of professions, gentlemen and trades. On Eclecticism study 2, 'Studies about Amateur Architects', I studied a point of the names of persons who had called as amateur, so the studies had mainly been practiced on a side of persons. In addition to the name I had studied their personal and professional works. It is the purpose of this paper that about those trades amateurs, we know the abilities and possibilities about architectural and building works. The out line of this paper will be abstracted in the following items below : 1) General concept of trade; Various kinds of architectural trades, means of professional, and comparing the word, professional with amateur. 2) Outlines of architectural trades; Builder, Carver, Masonry, Cabinet-maker, Joiner, Carpenter, Wood-worker. 3) Interrelationship on architectural trades' name; Master and Architect, Carpenter, Joiner, and Cabinet-maker.

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和田岬石堡塔について

木村寿夫, 山田幸一

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 175-182
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_175

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In Spring 1863, the Tokugawa Shogunate projected to construct the Sekihoto (the stone fortress) at Cape Wada of Hyogo, and completed in about the end of 1866. We have not discussed much that either the construction of the Sekihoto introduced Western technique or it depended on Japanese troditional technique. In this report, I mainly examine the method and the construction from the record about the Sekihoto, and examine further the technique in the time when the Sekihoto was constructed

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ギリシア・古典期-ヘレニズム期神殿建築の空間概念 : 神殿及び神話並びに哲学に於ける空間的思惟の相同性・(その 3)

竺覚暁

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 183-188
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_183

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平坦地の集落における民家・主屋の向きについて : 沖縄の集落景観における平面形態の構成に関する研究・その 3

坂本磐雄, 椿勝義

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 189-198
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_189

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1.当該集落で多数を占める主屋の向きの方位は, 海岸沿いか否かの立地条件で大きく規制される。前者の集落では南寄りが優勢であり, 海岸の位置の相違によって, 南東から南西までの間で異なった分布をする。一方, 後者の集落では, 台風の被害が大きい地方では, 台風シーズンの風向に対して主屋の背面を向けるようにし, また, 被害が大きくない地方では, 冬季の風向に対して主屋の背面を向けるようにする。従って, 主屋の向きの方位に地方差が生ずる。2.当該集落で多数以外の向きとなる要因は次の七項目である。i)集落の形成過程, ii)習俗, iii)主屋の規模, iv)敷地の接道条件, v)敷地の形状, vi)横方向の大通り, vii)集落の東側に位置する海。なお, iv)〜vii)までは, iv)が主要因であり, v)〜vii)はiv)を前提としている。3.集落の形成過程と関連するのは, 右向きおよび左向きであるが, 集落景観に著しい影響を与えるのは左向きである。それは, 当該集落において左向きが大量に, かつ, 集中的に分布するからである。従って, 当該集落で多数を占める向きの民家群と, 左向きの民家群とが集落を二分する景観となる。4.習俗と関連するのは右向きであり, 戸数としては少なく, 集落景観に及ぼす影響は小さい。5.主屋の規模と関連するのは右向きで, RC造の場合に限定されている。戸数としては少なく, 集落景観に及ぼす影響は小さい。6.敷地の接道条件と関連するのは, 右, 左, および後向きである。多数の向きも含めて, 正面に門を設ける指向性の強さに基づく。多数の向きに対して正面に門を設けることの不可能な敷地で, 右, 左, および後向きが多く出現する。従って, 多数の向きに対して, 敷地が横方向に二列でつながる宅地割の, 上の方の敷地群で, 右, 左, および後向きが多く生ずる。また, 多数の向きに対して正面入り可能な敷地でも, 門が左側面の場合は左向きが, また, 右側面と背面の場合には右向きとなる例がある。全体として, この要因に該当する右, 左, および後向きの内訳は, 多数の向きに次いで気象条件の有利な右向きが最も多く, 不利な後向きが最も少ない。7.敷地が横長の場合には, 主屋および付属屋の配置が有利なことから, 前述の接道条件でも, 当該の向きに対して横長の敷地の方が, 右, 左, および後向きの割合が増す。8.多数の向きに対して, 敷地が横方向に二列でつながる宅地割の上部に, 横方向の大通りがある場合, 大通りに面する敷地では後向きの割合が増す。9.多数の向きに対して, 敷地が縦方向に一列あるいは二列でつながる宅地割をもつ集落の, 東側に海がある場合は右向きの割合が増す。

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「住宅改良会」の設立について

内田青蔵

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 199-206
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_199

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During the entire period of Taisho and the beginning of Showa era, the campaign for housing improvement occupied one of the most important positions in the process of developing modern houses. This paper clarifies the feature including the established epoch and procedure of the organization, "Jutakukairyo-kai", which played a dominant role in this movement. The outline of this paper is indicated as follows.

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近代建築の展開とその社会 : 3. 「個別的な文化としての標準型」から「普遍的な文化としての標準型」へ

鈴木一

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 207-217
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_207

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In Germany, from 19th to 20th century, there is a nationalistic movement like Heimatschutz movement which is one form of a "Progerssive Attitude" in a less advanced country. In this progressive mood, Muthesius investigated English house-type and wrote "Das englische Haus" to enlighten Gereman artists and architects. This house-type is a functional, practical, domestic, rural and friendly type of the day. And it is a national art which English people made their tradition evolved successively, and was born from fruits of English houses designed by excellent artists or architects for cultured clients. Following that, he proposed a theme to typfy a design to be acknowledged internationally, at the convention of Deutscher Werkbund in 1914. Thus, Muthesius's type is a cultural concept, and we can find that accordingly, it developed from an individual-cultural type to an universal-cultural type. There are many people who think that, Muthesius's concept of typification developed the Modern Architecture. But it is not right. The type which developed the Modern Architecture was not continuous with traditions (cultural), but a civilizational type-I will discuss it in the next paper-which is revolutionarily born from a social trend which aim at indusrialization.

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在来工法木造家屋の遮音性能改善に関する実験的研究

安岡正人, 橘秀樹, 田中洪, 田村明弘

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 218-225
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_218

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在来工法による木造試験家屋を用いた今回の実験的検討の結果の概略は, 以上に述べたとおりであるが, これらを要約すると, (1)外壁については, 外装材の下地に合板など板材料の挿入や内壁の多層化(板材料二重張り, あるいは遮音シートの挿入など), あるいは中空層内部に多孔質吸音材料を挿入することなどにより, 中高音域では大きな遮音性能の増大が期待できる。しかし, 低音域(125Hz帯域)については, 中空層厚が100mm程度となる一般の軸組構造壁では, 二重壁の低域共鳴透過現象により, 遮音性能の改善には限界(125Hz帯域で内外音圧レベル差20dB程度)がある。それに対して, W/5(二重軸組壁)のような構法をとれば, 125Hz帯域でも30dBに近い内外音圧レベル差を得ることができ, 特に低音域についても大きな遮音性能が必要とされる場合に有効である。また平面計画上, 外壁に押入などの収納部分を組合せることができれば, 全帯域にわたって高い遮音性能を得ることができる。(2)窓などの開口部を含む外周壁の遮音性能は, 開口部の性能によって決る。中空層が外壁の厚さ(約100mm)と同程度の二重窓では, 気密性を高めることにより, 高音域の遮音性能は十分大きくすることができるが, 低域共鳴透過現象により, 低音域での遮音性能の改善には限界がある。したがって道路に面した場所など, 低音成分が優勢でレベルも大きな騒音環境下では, 出窓形式の二重窓などを採用し, 中空層をできるだけ大きくすることが必要である(図-10, 11参照)。その際, 気密性の高いサッシを二重窓の少なくとも一方に使用することにより, 高音域においても高い遮音性能とすることができる。面積が大きく, 遮音上の弱点となりやすい掃出し窓についても, 大きな中空層をもつ二重構造とすることが望ましい。その場合, 中空層を前室として空間的にも利用できる程度とし, 気密性の良好なサッシを用いることにより, 外壁と同程度の遮音性能(D35〜40以上)を得ることができる。このような点からみると, 我が国の伝統的な縁側形式のプランは, 内部建具にもガラス障子などを用いた場合には遮音上きわめて有利と言える。(3)屋根-天井部分については, 天井ふところの空間を利用し, その間に断熱も兼ねて十分な吸音材を付加することにより, 外周壁にくらべてはるかに良好な遮音性能が得られる。その際, 天井面を遮音層と考えて, 石膏ボード等の遮音材料を下地材として使用することが望ましい。(4)遮音性能の向上のためには, 音響的には気密性を高めることが必要であるが, 当然のことながらそれと同時に室内の換気についても十分な考慮が払われなければならない。その場合, 図-13に示した結果からも明らかなように, 在来の簡易な換気設備を不用意に設置すると, 外周壁の遮音性能を特に中高音域で著しく損なう結果となるので, 防音型住宅を考える場合には, 少なくとも熱交換型あるいは減音効果の大きいダクト引き形式の換気設備が必要である。また今後, 遮音効果の大きい住宅用換気設備あるいは換気口などの開発・普及が望まれる。

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「構造用鋼材の降伏点, 引張強さおよび降伏比に関する統計的調査」に対する討論

越智健之, 黒羽啓明, 牧野雄二

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 226-228
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_226

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「構造用鋼材の降伏点, 引張強さおよび降伏比に関する統計的調査」に対する討論への回答

青木博文, 村田耕司

原稿種別: 本文
1984 年345 巻 p. 228-230
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_228

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SI 単位の換算率表

原稿種別: 付録等
1984 年345 巻 p. App1-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_App1

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裏表紙

原稿種別: 表紙
1984 年345 巻 p. Cover3-
発行日: 1984/11/30
公開日: 2017/08/22

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.345.0_Cover3

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