抄録
Water-saving irrigation systems that simultaneously improve crop productivity and utilize agricultural residues remain a major challenge for sustainable wheat production. This study evaluated the performance of a novel straw-composite pipe subsurface irrigation system through a field experiment comparing straw-composite pipe subsurface irrigation, conventional subsurface drip irrigation, surface drip irrigation, and a rainfed control. Crop growth, yield formation, water use efficiency, and economic performance were systematically assessed to elucidate the agronomic advantages of the proposed irrigation strategy. Straw-composite pipe subsurface irrigation significantly enhanced plant growth during the critical reproductive period, increased spike number and grain weight, and consequently improved grain yield compared with conventional irrigation systems. The localized subsurface water supply effectively reduced non-productive water loss, resulting in higher water use efficiency while improving economic returns. These benefits were associated with the combined effects of improved soil physical conditions provided by biodegradable straw-composite materials and more efficient root-zone water distribution. The results demonstrate that straw-composite pipe subsurface irrigation integrates water-saving irrigation with straw resource utilization, providing an effective strategy for enhancing wheat productivity, water-use efficiency, and the sustainability of irrigated cropping systems.
