Characteristics and In-Hospital Outcomes of Patients Who Underwent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting during Hospitalization for ST-Segment Elevation or Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

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Purpose: Little is known about the outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the current percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) era.

Methods: We analyzed 25120 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients hospitalized between January 2011 and December 2016. In-hospital outcomes were compared between patients who underwent CABG during hospitalization and those who did not undergo CABG in the STEMI group (n = 19428) and NSTEMI group (n = 5692).

Results: Overall, CABG was performed in 2.3% of patients, while 90.0% of registered patients underwent primary PCI. In both the STEMI and NSTEMI groups, patients who underwent CABG were more likely to have heart failure, cardiogenic shock, diabetes, left main trunk lesion, and multivessel disease than those who did not undergo CABG. In multivariable analysis, CABG was associated with lower all-cause mortality in both the STEMI group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26–0.72) and NSTEMI group (adjusted OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.14–0.84).

Conclusion: AMI patients undergoing CABG were more likely to have high-risk characteristics than those who did not undergo CABG. However, after adjusting for baseline differences, CABG was associated with lower in-hospital mortality in both the STEMI and NSTEMI groups.