Regioselective SmI₂-Mediated Radical ipso-Substitution Cyclization for the Construction of Pyrrolophenanthridinone Skeletons: The Synthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids

Abstract

Here, we report a regioselective, samarium(II) diiodide mediated intramolecular radical ipso-substitution cyclization. Through the use of a methoxy group as a leaving group, it was possible to regulate the regioselectivity of the reaction by changing the temperature and additives. We applied the developed reaction to the synthesis of four Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and have shown that the present reaction successfully overcomes regioselectivity issues encountered with other cyclization methods.