1995 Volume 43 Issue 2 Pages 356-358
Treatment of retinoic acid (1a) or its methyl ester (2a) with hydrochloric acid in methanol gave methyl 4-oxo-retinoates (4a-c). Similar oxidation proceeded when 2a was treated with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in the presence of lithium chloride in methanol.