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Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid found in brown algae such as Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) and Makombu (Saccharina japonica). Seaweed lipids also contain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid).
Fucoxanthin is a functional compound with various physiological effects. Specifically, dietary fucoxanthin promotes the expression of UCP1 (uncoupling protein 1) in adipocytes, showing anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Similar effects have been confirmed in lipid components of Wakame. Fucoxanthin also regulates secretion of adipocytokines from adipocyte, which improves insulin resistance. It also supports the function of GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4), promoting glucose uptake in muscle cells and contributing to blood glucose control.
Analysis of the fucoxanthin content in various types of seaweeds found that it is relatively abundant in Akamoku (Sargassum horneri) and Ishimozuku (Sphaerotrichia firma). It has also been suggested that consuming seaweed lipids can improve the gut microbiota in obesity conditions.
Clinical studies have also reported that fucoxanthin has anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Seaweed has long been a food ingredient consumed in Asian countries. It has been suggested that continuous intake of seaweed is useful for preventing diseases caused by obesity.
