抄録
Wheat root system architecture plays a crucial role in drought resistance, with characteristics such as deep rooting, high root density, root branching, and root hair development significantly affecting water acquisition and utilization efficiency. As climate change exacerbates drought risks, it is essential to understand how root system architecture adapts to different environmental conditions to enhance wheat’s drought tolerance. Future research should focus on several areas: first, identifying the genetic basis associated with root system architecture through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping; second, exploring the adaptive mechanisms of roots under different soil types and moisture conditions; third, investigating the interactions between roots and rhizosphere microorganisms to improve water absorption efficiency; fourth, analyzing the physiological mechanisms of roots under drought stress; fifth, applying gene editing techniques to optimize root traits for drought environments; sixth, assessing the impact of climate change on root growth and drought resistance; and seventh, studying the effects of integrated agricultural management practices on wheat root system architecture. These studies will provide scientific evidence for drought-resistant breeding in wheat and promote the achievement of food security and ecological balance in sustainable agriculture.
