抄録
We censused herbivory on Cirsium lucens var. opacum by sika deer at Katsuragawa, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, in 2006. Of these plants, 30-60% had leaf damage and 46-70% had capitula damage. There was no difference in herbivory among the three habitats. Two plants decreased about 30-50% in height from 1997 to 2006. Bombus diversus, which was a common pollinator in 1997, was not found in 2006. The diversity or density of pollinators possibly decreased between 1997 and 2006. Seed set has possibly declined due to herbivore damage and pollinator decline.
