倍数性大根の細胞生理学的二, 三の研究

抄録

Through the recent studies of various authors, it became clear that the artificial polyploid plants show various physiological pecuriarities in comparison with the normal diploid plants of the radish (Raphanus acanthiformis MOREL). The present authors conducted some cytophysiological studies on the diploid and tetraploid plants, during the course of 1948 and 1950. The following conclusion is drawn from the result of the investigation : 1) The osmotic pressure of the cell sap of the diploid plant did not show any appreciable difference from that of the tetraploid plant. 2) Daily and periodical hydrogen-ion concentrations of the cell sap and isoelectric points of the brotoplasm of the diploid plant, also did not present any significant difference/from those of the tetraploid. The absolute value of the critical reaction in connection with these values, was obviously greater in the tetraploid plant cells than in those of the diploid. 3) As to hydrophilic degree of protoplasm of both plants which can be measured by Stuart's method, accessible by the quantity of adsorpted dye, malachite green, by protoplasm, the authors were unable to distinguish one from the other. They found, however, the so-called "Entmischung" in the diploid plant vacuoles, when stained by neutral red, was greater than that of the tetraploid. Nishiyama, in attacking the similar subject, observed that higher resistance to cold was the case in tetrapioid radish than the diploid, but is the authors experiment no particular difference was observed, as the above given laboratory tests indicate. This may probably be due to the fact that the winters, during the course of experiments, were unusually warm, making it difficult to display difference in such behavior of biennial plant, as cold resistance.