Acute Toxicity Responses of Two Crustaceans, Americamysis bahia and Daphnia magna, to Endocrine Disrupters

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The acute toxicity of endocrine disrupters in two crustaceans, Americamysis bahia (A. bahia) and Daphnia magna (D. magna), was investigated and the toxicological responses compared. Bisphenol A had the lowest toxicity to D. magna, the 48 hr median lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) values was 12.8 mg/l. However, the toxic sensitivity of A. bahia to bisphenol A was approximately 10-fold higher than for D. magna (48 hr LC₅₀; 1.34 mg/l). The 48 hr LC50 of estradiol-17β was 2.97 and 1.69 mg/l in D. magna and A. bahia, respectively. Nonylphenol had the highest lethal toxicity against both A. bahia (48 hr LC₅₀; 0.051 mg/l) and D. magna (48 hr LC₅₀; 0.18 mg/l). However, ecdysteroids, and ecdysteroidal activity insecticides, such as tebufenozide, and juvenile hormone analog, had no toxic effects against either A. bahia or D. magna at the concentrations tested in this study. These results suggest that A. bahia is a more suitable toxicity test organism for endocrine disrupters than D. magna because of the higher sensitivity of A. bahia to the toxicological effect.