Cosmetics are regulated by the pharmaceutical affairs law in our country. In this review, we describe the definition of cosmetics from the standpoint of that law, and also mention the following matters from the view-point of hygienics. 1) Efficacy of cosmetics : evaluation methods by means of dermatological approach, and the problems for further discussion. 2) Safety of cosmetics : test methods, and information in the literature. 3) Microbiology for cosmetics : test methods, and preventive measures for microbiological contamination. 4) Percutaneous absorption for cosmetics : outline, and observations. 5) Analytical chemistry for cosmetics : analytical instruments, and their applications.