対人的相互作用における会話の質的分析

抄録

The purposes of this article are to report the results of the experiment that examined dyadic conversational process and to discuss the suggestions of these results for the future studies on social interaction processes.
Twenty four undergraduates (half were males and half females) participated in dyadic conversation situation, and were proposed to talk about each of three themes; landscape of their campus (consumatory communication), where to go on a trip (information-exchange), crowding of the street around their university (problem-solving). Combination of sex (male-male, femalefemale, or male-female) and intimacy of two participants (high or low) were manipulated. Therefore, factorial design was 3×3×2.
Each protocol was categorized into one of eight categories; central or peripheral orientation, new or old information, rational or emotional opinion, positive or negative evaluation. The former four categories constitute a higher category which is called “protocols for sharing information (IS) ”, the latter four constitute another one called “protocols for processing informaton (IP) ” . The results indicate that (1) individuals use IP more frequently in conversations for problemsolving than for consumatory communication or information exchange, (2) they use IP less frequently in the male-female condition, especially when they are not very intimate, therefore, (3) protocol categories used in this study have very high validity. Furthermore, the occurence ratio of particular types of adjacency pairs was found to be influenced by the type of theme of conversation.
Several suggestions of these results are discussed for the future reserches on social interaction processes.