ガム咀嚼の選択的注意への影響

──メタ分析を用いた検討──

抄録

The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the effects of chewing gum on selective attention. A meta-analysis was conducted for each task (Flanker task, Stroop task, and Simon task) to evaluate selective attention, and the differences in the effects of chewing gum depending on the task format were also examined. The results confirmed a significant weak mean effect size for the fixed effect models in the analysis for the entire paper. However, because of significant heterogeneity across studies, we focused on the differences in task format and conducted a meta-analysis for each task assessing selective attention function. The results showed that there were no significant mean effect sizes in the fixed and random effect models for the Flanker and Stroop tasks. Meanwhile, significant mean effect sizes were found in the Simon task for both of the models. In conclusion, we can say that chewing gum has an effect of reducing the compatibility effect in the late phase of selective attention, especially when involving response selection.