計数課題における記憶負荷の効果
作動記憶における発達的特性の分析
1987 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 28-34
詳細
1987 年 58 巻 1 号 p. 28-34
The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of memory load on a counting task from a developmental view of working memory system. Seventy-two children from second and fourth grades of elementary school were asked to count and memorize the number of dots in a series of random dot patterns, and at the end of the series, to report the memorized numbers. In two experiments, counting time and counting span were analyzed as measures of operational efficiency and memory capacity. Experimental variables were grade levels, degree of memory load, number of dots and inter-stimulus interval (ISI). For both graders, memory load decreased the counting efficiency and, in paticular, the younger graders were influenced by it even when the number of dots was small. For the olders, the shortening of IST (Exp. II) made their pattern of counting speed as a function of other experimental variables similar to that of the younger graders, while their counting span was uninfluenced by it. The implications of these results for the developmental trends of working memory were discussed.
