品種の異なるなたね種子とその抽出油の性状
1978 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 375-380
詳細
1978 年 27 巻 6 号 p. 375-380
Nineteen samples of rapeseed were examined : 10 samples from Canada including 4 varieties of zero-erucic type, 6 samples in Japan, and other 3 samples from Formosa, France, and West Germany. The species identification for 7 samples of which species were obscure, was carried out by cultivation test and chromosome numbers. Properties of the seed samples were investigated, and physical and chemical constants of the oils extracted from them with n-hexane were determined. The fatty acid composition of the oils was determined by GLC.
The results obtained are briefly summarized below.
1. The seeds of Brassica campestris except R·500 variety are generally reddish brown, whereas the seeds of Brassica napus are dark brown. The seed size is smaller for B. campestris except R·500 variety than for B. napus. On an average, the oil content of B. napus seeds is higher than that of B. campestris by about 3%.
2. The oil samples from both B. campestris and B. napus show some differences in their characteristics and in their fatty acid compositions. Comparing the ordinary rapeseed oil samples excluding low or zero erucic acid (Nos. 57 and 1719), however, the mean values of characteristics and major component fatty acids of B. campestris oils are found close to the corresponding values of B. napus oils.
3. Among the correlation coefficients between major component fatty acid pairs calculated from the data on all sample oils, the largest in absolute value is for erucic and oleic acids pair, -0.983. The following regression equation is given : Erucic acid %=-1.141 (oleic acid %) +61.59
