Antibacterial Properties of Soft Solids (Chitosan and Polyacrylic Acid Gel Particles) in Solution and on a Bio-Surface (VITRO-SKIN)

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance presents a critical challenge to public health, driving the exploration of innovative strategies against microbial threats. Soft solids, notably polyelectrolyte gel complexes, offer promising antimicrobial alternatives with tailored physiochemical properties and biocompatibility. Primarily, soft solids incorporating chitosan and polyacrylic acid (PAA) complexes have gained importance for their antimicrobial efficacy, stemming from electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged components. This paper evaluates non-covalent interactions within chitosan and polyacrylic acid complexes to reduce Escherichia coli (E. coli) contaminants. Chitosan, derived from chitin, is valued for its biodegradability and low toxicity, and is currently used in drug delivery and wound healing systems. Conversely, PAA is an anionic polymer with carboxylic groups, widely used in pH-sensitive hydrogel-based drug delivery systems. In the present study, the antimicrobial effectiveness of chitosan and polyacrylic acid complexes was examined both in solution and on the bio-surface. Distinct patterns of antimicrobial activity were observed at the surface when applied individually and in combination. A synergistic antimicrobial effect of the chitosan and polyacrylic acid complex (gel particles) resulted in a remarkable reduction in viable cells both in solution and on the surface. This understanding enhances the potential use of soft solids in addressing the challenge of deactivating antimicrobial resistance pathogens.