抄録
As is the case in Europe, there are different opinions concerning to the identification of forms in the crussian carp of Japanese water.
It is said that there are three forms of crussian carp in Lake Biwa, which bear native names of Hiwara, Nigoro and Gengoro-Funa respectively:
I have selected specimens typical of each form and studied their external and internal structures with reference to their special mode of life. Thus, it is revealed that, these forms are distinct from each other, having characteristics as follows:
Gengoro-Funa has a large opening of mouth, its gill-rakers are not only excess in number, but complicated in structures. Hiwara has thick lips and much developed pharyngeals, while its mandible remains feeble. Nigoro possesses rather well developed gill-rakers; its mandible is large comparing to its head size, while its pharyngeals develop weakly.
In addition to these characteristics, Gengoro-Funa and Nigoro provide well developed airbladder and pneumatic bulb, which are feeble in Hiwara.
