後鳥羽院の『時代不同歌合』と藤原定家の『百人秀歌』

抄録

　The widely-held notion that Hyakunin isshu (“One Poem Each by One Hundred Poets,” also Ogura hyakunin isshu) represented an anthology of waka poems chosen by Fujiwara no Teika for their particular excellence—until then almost an axiom—was shaken in the early 1950s by the discovery of another collection of outstanding poems called Hyakunin shūka (“Poems of Excellence by One Hundred Poets”).
　Hyakunin isshu is a miniature anthology containing 100 waka poems of excellence by one hundred different poets, beginning with works by Emperor Tenji and Empress Jitō and ending with works by Go-toba and Juntoku, two retired emperors condemned to exile on remote islands after the Jōkyū Disturbance. In the work Hyakunin shūka, by contrast, these final poems by the two retired emperors are missing, with works by the Ichijōin Empress and two others in their place for a total of 101 poems in all. Various theories have been advanced to explain this difference: one theory sees Hyakunin shūka as likely an earlier, draft version of Hyakunin isshu; another theory—assigning with high confidence the compilation of Hyakunin shūka to Teika himself—ascribes the replacement and reordering of poets and poems within Hyakunin isshu instead to Tameie, Teika's son. As such, the identity of Hyakunin isshu's compiler remains, even today, a problem not yet unambiguously resolved. (View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)