The liquid culture condition was examined on C. sinensis of the Cordyceps genus. As the result, initial pH was widely spread between 3.5〜8.0, and growth was proven. The growth increment reached a maximum in the inside of pH 5.0 There were 8 kinds of organic nitrogen on the nitrogen source. The growth was better than the growth when inorganic nitrogen was added, the yeast extract was most suitable, and the maximum for the concentration was 4 %. As a result of examining 7 types of alditol, polysaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide as a carbon source, glycerol and mannitol were the most suitable. This sugar was also alditol on anyway. Then, the growth in glycerol, erythritol, sorbitol and the medium, which was added to the mannitol, was good because it cultivated C. sinensis by increasing the type of alditol in 5 types. In addition, it was proven that it was the glycerol of the alditol as a carbon source which was most suitable and that the concentration was 3 % as a result of 4 kinds of concentration of this alditol which changed at 0〜6 % and cultivated it.

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The involvement of nuclear selection rule and mycelial monokaryotization in compatible and hemicompatible di-mon mating of Flammulina velutipes has been examined. The compatible di-mon mating between the parental monokaryon and the parental dikaryon brought about dikaryotization of the monokaryotic mycelia. Only one of the two nuclei of a parental dikaryon was selected, and the nucleus migrated into the parental monokaryon to complete dikaryotization. The hierarchy of dominance among the three nuclei of the dikaryotic test strains during such di-mon mating coincided with that for mycelial monokaryotization of this mushroom. In hemicompatible di-mon mating, the nucleus of the parental dikaryon, complementary to the parental monokaryon, could be the nuclear donor in dikaryotization. However, when the complementary nucleus in the parental dikaryon was recessive in the nuclear selection, the test samples might complete dikaryotization at a lower frequency than that by the dominant nucleus of the parental dikaryon. A similar nuclear selection rule that applies to compatible di-mon mating may be active in hemicompatible di-mon mating. It is suggested that the crossing between a parental monokaryon and the monokaryotic cells produced by mycelial monokaryotization of a parental dikaryon may occur, at times, during what seems to be di-mon mating.

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The antagonistic activities of ten strains of Trichoderma harzianum against eight strains of Lentinula edodes were investigated in a synthetic medium. In dual cultivation of T. harzianum and L. edodes, three types of hyphal interaction were observed, namely coiling of T. harzianum hypha around L. edodes hypha, growing of T. harzianum hypha in a wavy manner along L. edodes hypha and penetration of T. harzianum hypha into L. edodes hypha. The dominant hyphal interaction was hyphal coiling. In some fungal pairs more than one type of hyphal interaction were observed, while there were no hyphal interaction in other pairs. Volatile substances produced by two strains of T. harzianum exerted inhibitory activity on the mycelial growth of some L. edodes strains. Most of T. harzianum strains produced nonvolatile substances that inhibited the growth of various strains of L. edodes. However, the degrees of inhibition were different depending on virulence of T. harzianum strains and sensitivity of L. edodes.

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The proliferation or the artificial culture of Tricholoma matsutake did not succeed in the pinetum or in vitro. The fruit-body of Tricholoma matsutake was constituted from the basal portion of the stipe, the stipe itself the pileus and the lamella. These tissues were formed from the aggregate of fungus. However, the consitituton and the formation system is not known until now. In this experment, the fruit-body of Tricholoma matustake was generated from "SIRO" collected from the pain root, the ectomycoryhiza and the soil in the external observation by a scanning electron microscope and a light microscope. The basal portion of the stipe was formated with the horizontal fungus, and then it was gradually changed to the diagonal fungus and the longitudinal fungus. The stem was only formed with the longitudinal fungus. The formation of fungus from the stem to the pileus was changed radial with the diagonal fungus and the horizontal fungus and inserted into the lamella. We conclude from the observation above that the described Trichloma masutake was formed by the fungus mass from the basal portion of the stipe to the spore.

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