The objective of this article is to analyze major sources of dynamic development of rice production in the Jurisdiction of Department of Land Reclamation and Cultivation of Heilongjiang (hereafter DLRCH) province. Rice production in DLRCH increased by 130 times during the period 1978-99. The contribution of the expansion of rice planted area to the rapid growth of rice production was 78.1 %，far larger than the contribution of the increase in rice yields，21.9% The first source of dynamic development of rice production was technological change. In the early 1980's，two contributed to increase profit from rice production through high sale prices in the market. The second factor was the land infrastructure improvement through irrigation and drainage investment by the Agricultural Development Project started in 1988. This land improvement investment created conditions for diffusing advanced rice cultivation technology. The third factor was the high profit of rice production， which was brought about by the increased demand for good-taste Japonica rice. Stimulated by the high profit of rice production， farmers converted upland field crop production to paddy rice production at fast rates. The fourth factor was the migration of rice growers from small-scale rice producing areas to the Jurisdiction of DLRCH， and the establishment of large-scale rice farms by the migrated farmers. Rice produced in DLRCH has a strong competitive edge， in terms of price and quality compared with California rice. China's accession to the WTO will increase the pressure to expand exports of Japonica rice to Japan.

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This paper conducts an inquiry into institutional and operational shortfalls and possible remedies in the new Chinese pension system after the reform of 1997. The reform in 1997 could be considered of as the big ban in Chinese pension system. It detached pension system from the declining state-owned enterprises， accomplished inclusion of the rapidly increasing private sector employees and converted the old pay-as-you-go financing plan into partial reserve financing plan. Thereby it institutionally responds precisely to the tremendous challenges prompted by continuing changes in economic structure since starting an open economy and prospective changes in an aging society. In fact， the World Bank praises the reform as the greatest success since the pension reform in Chile. However， the present situation is marked by severe operational shortfalls caused by failures in the system design. The main problems the system now faces can be summarized as 1) the existence of mere nominal accounts in the reserve financing plan rooted in a lack of consideration for the resolution of invisible obligations inherited form the pay-as-you-go financing plan， 2) diversion and misappropriation of funds made possible by defects in the administrative structure， 3) financial stringency resulting out of an overly optimistic outlook in financing scheme， 4) low participation rate effected by several environmental and organizational factors， and 5) entire insensibility to the influx of rural population， which urgently demands for an acute resolution. After a thorough analysis of these shortfalls and remedies this paper closes with some prospects and suggestions for future developments and pension policy.

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