This paper examines how differences in policies in communities influence educational measures for the children of migrant rural workers (Nongmingong zidi) in relation to the schooling of the migrant rural workers, which is one of the important issues on the rights of migrant rural workers (Nongmingong) that have been considered important by the Chinese Government recently, with particular attention paid to the “communities (Shequ)” established in the basis societies. First of all, I established the premise that “community (Shequ) policies” in urban areas have influence on the provision of “human resources” and “labor force” in the labor market which is important for the development of urban economy. Then, I identified differences between education policies for the children of migrant rural workers and “community policies” in Beijing City and Tianjin City based on this premise. Next, I conducted interviews and surveys at residents’ committees and schools for the children of migrant rural workers in Beijing City and Tianjin City to analyze the influence that the differences between “community policies” could have on migrant rural workers and their children. Finally, this paper drew the following four conclusions; I found out that (1) Tianjin City has better education policies for the children of migrant rural workers than those Beijing City have, (2) community policies are effective in promoting co-existence between urban residents and migrant rural workers in urban basis societies, (3) community policies have influence on the development of urban economy, (4) it is effective for “community policies” as a policy to be closely associated with and led by communities.

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Recently, development of Chinese agriculture/food industry’s development has greatly improved domestic food supply and raised exports of agricultural products. However, a series of serious cases threatening the food safety occurred in China after 2000. This situation caused great worry among people both in and out of China and it has become a significant task for Chinese society and economy to maintain the food safety. This paper discussed the following issues; 1. The real status of the development of production and exports of Chinese agricultural products are shown in this paper. It has been found that Japan has the strong relationship with China since Japan is the biggest client of Chinese agricultural products which accounts for the significant amount of Japanese consumption. 2. Problems on the food safety after 2000 and countermeasures against them were discussed. The paper is focusing on the strengthened government regulations and transformations of production and management system by enterprises, and introducing “Anqiu Model,” the new efforts implemented in Anqiu city in Shandong province. 3. The examination of the findings leads to the guidelines for future food supply policies of Japan which is heavily dependent on China. The author recommended that Japan should import those of good quality, and Japan and China should deal with problems in collaboration, considering Japanese vulnerable structure of agricultural food supply

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This paper analyses the reason of the rapid development of Chinese photovoltaic industry, which has become the top producing country of photovoltaic cells in the world in 2008. It was Japan which has led the technological development and application of photovoltaic cells until recently. But since the emergence of the suppliers of turn-key production lines of photovoltaic cells, the barriers to entry to the industry have lowered. Many Chinese venture capitalists have entered the business and gathered capital by initial public offerings in the U.S. stock market. By contrast, in the Japanese photovoltaic makers, photovoltaic cell production remained to be one of the diversified divisions of a big company. Chinese photovoltaic cell production rapidly surpassed that of Japan’s, taking advantage of its vertically-disintegrated structure, which had a better appeal to the investors. However, Chinese cell manufacturers have run into a cutthroat competition among themselves after the photovoltaic investment bubble in Spain has collapsed during the autumn on 2008. Besides this, it is feared that excess production capacity of polycrystalline silicon will be created because many domestic companies are planning to invest in silicon processing equipments. The Chinese government is now trying to boost domestic demand for photovoltaic cells to change the structure of the domestic photovoltaic industry, which has been too vulnerable to the change in overseas demand.

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