A clinical-statistical investigation was carried out with cleft lip and/or palate patients in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Hospital, during the 10 years from April 2006 to March 2016.
1．The number of cleft lip and/or palate patients was 96, accounting for 6.2％ of orthodontic patients during the 10 years. The patients consisted of 55 males and 41 females with a male to female ratio of 1：0.75.
2．The distribution of cleft type was as follows: cleft lip and palate 36.5％, cleft lip and alveolus 33.3％, cleft palate 19.8％, and cleft lip 10.4％. The unilateral cleft lip was more frequently seen on the left side than on the right side, and in males than in females.
3．The peak age of the first visit was 0 years （58.3％）. As Hellman’s dental developmental stage, the percentage of stage ⅠA was 44.8％.
4．As for the resident distribution, 87.5％ patients came from Tokushima prefecture.
5．90.6％ of patients were referred from the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Tokushima University Hospital.
6．By classification of crossbite, cases of type 4 （anterior crossbite） were most frequent, at 52.9％.

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A clinical statistical analysis was performed on records of patients with nonsyndromic bilateral cleft lip and alveolus（BCLA） and bilateral cleft lip and palate（BCLP）at Chiba Hospital of Tokyo Dental College from 1981 to 2014.
The following results were obtained:
1. Of the 955 patients with jaw clefts who visited our hospital, 88（9.3％）were BCLA/BCLP patients. Of these, 12（1.3％）had BCLA and 76 （8.0％）had BCLP.
2. The overall sex distribution of patients was 49（55.7％）males and 39（44.3％）females. There were 7（58.3％）male and 5（41.7％）female BCLA patients, and 42（55.3％）male and 34（44.7％）female BCLP patients.
3. The mean age of patients at PhaseⅠof orthodontic treatment was 8 years 8 months, and that at PhaseⅡwas 17 years 9 months.
4. Almost all patients had crossbite in the anterior teeth or molar regions; a majority of patients had crossbite in both.
5. In terms of morphological features of BCLA/BCLP patients, there was no difference in anterior-posterior relation of the maxilla and mandible compared with those with normal occlusion. Regarding denture pattern, there was a tendency of lingual inclination of the maxillary anterior tooth axis. A reverse covering of the anterior teeth was observed.
6. In PhaseⅠ, treatment was performed in almost all cases by anterior and/or lateral expansion.
7. In PhaseⅠorⅡ, surgical repositioning of the displaced premaxilla was performed in 7（10.8％）cases.
8. In PhaseⅡ, the percentage of orthodontic treatment with tooth extraction and surgical orthodontic treatment was lower both in the group which started treatment from PhaseⅠcompared with the group which started treatment from PhaseⅡ. There was no significant difference between treatment period and number of visits.

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A trend survey was conducted on 112 patients with cleft palate among patients with cleft lip and palate（CL/CP）who had visited the orthodontic clinic at Chiba Hospital of Tokyo Dental College in the 40 years from 1975 to 2014. Patients with cleft palate with accompanying syndromes were excluded. The results were as follows.
1. The number of patients by age increased from 1980 to 1994；no specific increase or decrease was recognized thereafter. The ratio of male to female patients with cleft palate was 1：1.24.
2. At first visit, many of the patients（18.8％）were 8 years old, and the majority（55.4％）were 7 to 10 years old.
3. Patients with congenitally missing permanent teeth accounted for 38.4％ of the cases. Classes of congenitally missing teeth were more frequent in the order of：upper lateral incisors（37.7％）, maxillary second premolars（34.8％）, and mandibular premolars（15.9％）. The breakdown of congenitally missing teeth was 73.9％ in the upper jaw and 26.1％ in the lower jaw.
4. Morphological evaluation using cephalogram at the first visit revealed poor growth of the maxilla and retroclination of mandibular central incisors. The inter-incisal angle was significantly larger than the reference value. Patients who had positive anterior tooth overjet accounted for 67.5％ of the cases, and those with negative overjet for 32.5％.
5. The devices most frequently selected were the expansion plate of orthodontic appliance（33.8％）and quad helix （31.3％）. Nineteen patients（38.0％）had tooth extraction at PhaseⅡ. Only 9 patients（32.1％）had tooth extraction at PhaseⅡamong 28 patients who were treated from PhaseⅠ. Ten patients（45.5％）had tooth extraction among 22 patients who started from PhaseⅡwithout PhaseⅠ.

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