1 investigated various documents and materials form before modern times with regard to technology， tools， and carpenters involved in building wooden structures， and obtained the following results: (1) The traditional technology for building wooden structures in Japan is the product of an accumulated process of thousands of years in the making， reaching its final from four hundred years ago. From this period onwards， it seems that this architectural technology has infiltrated all levels of society. (2) The birth of the construction carpenter in Japan dates back thousands of years. In those days the carpenter used construction tools in both standing and sitting positions. About two hundred years ago， however， the standing position became the predominant construction posture. (3) Various motivating factors fueled the construction of buildings by carpenters for thousands of years. Nonetheless， in the wake of modernity (about400 years ago)，it is said that production efficiency became the major motivating factor that prompted construction projects. (4) The transition of carpenter's work posture from a sitting position to a standing position is mainly attributed to a tendency toward giving priority to economic efficiency， requiring carpenters to build solid structures quickly and inexpensively.

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