(1) This paper introduces the bibliographic information and the typed text with photographs of the original text with running form of the first half of the first scroll of “ Imperial Palace Style (Goshoyo) ” of the Hereditary Writing of Ihe–e Masahito Kashiwagi as the carpenter ´s design manual (Kiwarisho) in pre#8211;modern (l7c to 19c) in Japan. (2) This hereditary wrinting was written in 1689， initiated by Masahito Ihe#8211;e Kashiwagi into Masatora Taro#8211;emon Kashiwagi who were the master carpenter of Small Construction Section (Kobushinkata) of Edo government. It is composed of the scroll 1 “ Imperial Palace Style (Goshoyo) ” the scroll 2 “ Part of Shrine (jinja no bu) ”, the scroll 3 “ Part of Temple( Butsuden no bu) ” the scroll 4 “ Part of Gate (Mon no bu) ” and the scroll 5 “ Part of Pagoda (To no bu) ”. (3) Each scrolls has a list of content on the top，and describe the design and measuring method in detail with drawings of plan，section and elevation.

View full abstract

As to the history of planes in the West and East of Eurasia， my research into various reference　documents and materials including real ones has yielded the following findings. (1) Before the Iron Age， stones were used as tools for finishing in the western region of the Eurasian Continent. In the eastern region， they used bronze spear–head planes. (2) During the Iron Age after the third century BC， the tool for finishing was block planes in the western region of the Eurasian Continent， and iron spear–head planes in the eastern region. (3) In preceding years， up to around the thirteenth century， the era of block plane culture continued in the western region of the Eurasian Continent， with the spear–head plane continuing to be used in the east. (4)However， a region was said to exist， that was presumed to have used spear–head planes in the block plane cultural area in the western region of Eurasian Continent. (5) It has also been assumed around the thirteenth to fourteenth century that block planes started to be used in the spear—head plane cultural area in the eastern region of Eurasian Continent. (6) From this， we can assume that primitive block planes were used in the western and eastern region of the Eurasian Continent， although probably developed by separate individual ingenuity.

View full abstract