Fundamental research was undertaken on the fifty fresh materials of dissected duodenum, mainly on the macroscopic and histological findings of the papilla Vateri. On the other hand through Fiberduodenoscope sixty one cases of duodenal papilla were endoscopically obs-erved and Xray films visualizing the papillary part of duodenum and the terminal portion of the common bile duct were utilized to help the ohervation. The results are as follows I. Papilla of Vater should be clinically treated in connection with the terminal portion of pancreatic and common bile duct, that is, plica longitudinalis duodeni and papilla duodeni major as the anatomical terms should be included in the papilla of Vater. II. Endoscopically the papilla was classified into five types, based on themacroscopic findings. III. The pathological figure of papillary portion should be riviewed through this classification of papilla Vateri. To make dinagnosis of the so colled papillitis, the abnormal shape and size of papilla are important factors and to diagnosis of the papillary cancer the uneveness, especially erosive alteration of duodenal mucosa is important. IV. General observation, both in the duodenal side and in the side of the pancreatic and bile duct is n.ways imperative for the diagnosis of the papillary lesion.

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