Nichidai small intestinal biopsy tube is 120 cm. long, 4.7mm. thin, and soft elastic tube. The main structure is base on the Rubin's principle. The improvement of the apparatus were the handle part, the elasticity of the tube, the cut window, and the inductive use rubber balloon. Mechanically the biopsy is 92% in successfulness. The rest almost were caused by the patient side. The specimens reading method is difficult for a mild change of lesions and the technic of the embedding gives a great inf leunce. By the purpose to reduce the subjective failure a measurement rule was performed. Chronic pancreasitis and post-gastrectomy were found mild atrophy of mucous, the infiltration, edema. The follow up cases pronounced the relative between the clinical symptoms and histolog'ctll change of biopsy tissue. One anotherr interesting finging is the appearance of the paneth cell. The hyperplasia was found during acute stage of ulcerative colitis and decreased to normal rate at the recovery period. According to the posibility of antibacterial function of paneth cell the experimental enteritis was tried with mice and it shows a hyperplasia.

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