[in Japanese]

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This paper attempted to analyze the geographical changes in Japan over the last 200 years by superimposing the Inoh’s map created in 1821 and the current map (GSI map) in 2020 using GIS. Specifically, we made the map showing the changes in the location and shape of roads, lakes, marshes, rivers, and islands. Then we explored the causes of these spatial changes. As a result of the overlay analysis, it was made clear that (1 ) by laying alternative roads, 24 . 7 % of the roads measured by Inoh disappeared by now, which were distributed chiefly in mountainous areas, (2 ) the changes in the circumference and area of lakes were proportional to their size, but the factors of change differed between urban and rural/forest areas, (3 ) the movement of the river mouths in metropolitan areas was due to channel modification and renovation, while in nonurbanized areas it was mainly due to erosion and sedimentation, and (4 ) the effects of reclamation were significant for islands close to cities, and changes in the shape due to natural factors were more observed on small islands. These empirical results suggest that overlay analysis using GIS is a powerful tool in studying old maps.

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This research aims to consider the relationship between disaster prevention education and preservation of tourism resources in the environmental preservation activity of the Enjugahama pine forests in Mihama Town, Wakayama Prefecture. On the request of the local residents, the government leads conservation and management of the pine forests. Disaster prevention education, such as cutting down pine forests and planting pine trees, is underway in the coastal area of Wakayama Prefecture where trough Nankai trough earthquakes are predicted. In addition, the Enjugahama pine forests, which dated from the Edo Period are local disaster prevention and tourism resources. Part of the Enjugahama pine forests is a place for local residents to interact, and a place for disaster prevention education and regional revitalization for the next generation. As a sacred place for an anime work of contents tourism, the Enjugahama pine forests have become a tourist attraction. In such a relationship, environmental conservation activities are related to disaster prevention education at schools based on the story and disaster prevention education in collaboration with local residents for disaster prevention and mitigation measures. It includes the preservation of the natural and cultural landscapes of Enjugahama. As they work, Enjugahama pine forests can be sustainable.

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[in Japanese]

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