This paper deals with the development of major fruits growing in Japan, and the land use change in Ojiama Settlement in Obuse Town, northeastern part of Nagano Prefecture. The results are summarized as follows: Grape, orange and chestnut were already grown in the Edo period. In the Meiji era, Apple, another variety of grape and peach had been introduced to Japan. The rapid expansion of fruits growing area in Japan was seen after the Second World War. But, after the second half of the 1970s, the area of fruits growing, especially Unshu-mikan （Satsuma Orange）, began to decrease. The main districts of Unshu-mikan growing are distributed in the southwestern Japan. The core districts of apple growing are the western part of Aomori Prefecture and the northern part of Nagano Prefecture. The core districts of grape growing are the central part of Yamanashi Prefecture and the northern and eastern part of Nagano Prefecture. The core districts of peach growing are the central part of Yamanashi Prefecture, the northern part of Nagano Prefecture and the northern part of Fukushima Prefecture. The core districts of Japanese pear growing were the northwestern part of Chiba Prefecture and the eastern part of Tottori Prefecture. A detailed survey of the land use in Ojima settlement, the largest agricultural settlement in Obuse Town, shows the following changes. In 1969, apple orchard and rice field took up most of the agricultural land, showing a very simple pattern of the land use. Between 1969 and 2005, the area of apple orchard decreased. The areas of peach orchards, vineyard and chestnut orchards slightly increased. In Ojima settlement, apple, grape and peach are grown intensively, whereas chestnut growing does not require much labor.

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A large number of Japanese members of Manmo Reclamation Group died in Fangzheng County of Harbin municipality in Northeast China at the end of World War II. As a result many Japanese orphans and widows of soldiers remained there as refugees. Since the resumption of diplomatic ties between Japan and China in 1972, Japanese orphans and women in Fangzheng County returned to Japan, and then invited their relatives and friends over. As a result, Fangzheng County became a rare emigration place in Northern China. Based on fieldwork and documentary research, this research aims to clarify trace the development process of how Fangzheng County became a major sending place of new Chinese migrants in Japan. After the Sino-Japan diplomatic normalization in 1972, with technical guidance by Japanese experts, rice cultivation was improved significantly in villages, yielding high quality rice with nationally known brand. Following the returned orphans and women, a great number of their relatives or people from the same community came to Japan as relatives, workers, marriage partners, students, etc., and most of them became long-term residents. The increasing population from Fangzheng remitted money back to Fangzheng, and some of them invested in Fangzheng. Local government promoted development plans that aimed at making full use of the resources from overseas. Many Japan-related shops and facilities were set up in the city center.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the regional development of traditional seafood meals and their conditions of location in Oita Prefecture. It was revealed that there are eleven distribution types of seafood meals: A: Types of Pan-prefecture area（ A-1: High frequency of eating, A-2: Medium frequency of eating） B: Types of Wide area（ B-1: The coastal and inland areas, B-2: The coastal area, B-3: The inland area） C: Types of Particular area （C-1: The Southern part of the prefecture, C-2: The Northern and the Eastern parts of the prefecture, C-3: The coastal and inland areas, C-4: The coastal area, C-5: The inland area） D: Types of meals that are disappearing The traditional seafood meals are the important cultural treasure of the region. Therefore, it is necessary not only to keep a record of them, but also to use them for the activation of the region.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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