TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan)
Online ISSN : 1880-0408
Print ISSN : 0389-2441
ISSN-L : 0389-2441
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Volume 19, Issue 5
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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  • Basic Study of Magnetic Refrigerator for Superfluid Helium
    Yoshinori HAKURAKU, Hisanao OGATA
    1984 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 311-317
    Published: October 25, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.19.311
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We have designed and manufactured a reciprocating magnetic refrigerator (Carnot cycle) operating between 1.8K and 4.2K. The magnetic refrigerant was gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG). Operating tests were carried out varying maximum applied magnetic field Bm and operating frequency f. The experimental Bm and f dependence of useful cooling power showed good agreement with the calculated results. The maximum useful cooling power was 0.50W at 1.80K for Bm=3.0T and f=0.45Hz.
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  • Hc2 in A15 Superconductors
    Naoki TOYOTA
    1984 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 319-331
    Published: October 25, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.19.319
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A review is given on the current research subjects on the upper critical field Hc2 in A15 superconductors such as Nb3Sn and V3Ga. After the brief introduction of the physical mechanisms determining Hc2, the following topics are dealt with; (1) the correction to the Pauli spin paramagnetic effect due to many-body interactions, (2) the effects of the martensitic transformation and disorder onHc2 in both single crystals and practical conductors, (3) the tertiary element effects and (4) problems remained in future.
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  • Microstructures and Superconducting Properties of Nb3Sn Composite Wires
    Akihiko NAGATA
    1984 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 332-345
    Published: October 25, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.19.332
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The relationship between superconducting properties and microstructures of the bronze-processed Nb3Sn composite wires is reviewed in connection with the stress effect, the martensitic transformation, the pinning mechanism and the nature of the Nb3Sn layer (i.e. grain size, and grain boundary segregation and structure etc.).
    The Nb3Sn layer in the composite wire is compressively prestrained at cryogenic temperatures because of the difference of the thermal contraction between the Nb3Sn layer and the bronze matrix. This resultant compressive prestrain affects superconducting properties and the martensitic transformation of the bronze-processed Nb3Sn compounds.
    Martensitic transformation is inevitable for the pure Nb3Sn compound at and near the stoichiometric composition, and this transformation brings about a derease in Hc2 of Nb3Sn. The addition of Ti and Ta to Nb3Sn not only prevents the martensitic transformation but increases its electrical resistivity and Hc2. Therefore, the high field performance of the multi-filamentary Nb3Sn composites is improved by the addition of Ti and Ta.
    The possibility of an electron scattering flux pinning mechanism has been recently proposed for Nb3Sn compounds. Although Jc of the bronze-processed Nb3Sn wires depends much on the nature of Nb3Sn layers, there are few studies about it. More detailed studies are desired for understanding and improving superconducting properties of the bronze-processed Nb3Sn wires.
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  • In-Situ Process: alternative fabrication technique of Nb3Sn conductors
    Kazuhiko YASOHAMA
    1984 Volume 19 Issue 5 Pages 346-357
    Published: October 25, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.19.346
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    Recent developments on fabrication techniques of the in-situ processed multifilamentary Nb3Sn conductors are reviewed. This process is one of possible methods which can be used to minimize the problems associated with the bronze process. The technical possibility of the in-situ process was first shown by Tsuei, who used Cu-Nb or Cu-Nb-Sn alloys which were subsequently drawn to wires. Thereafter, many investigations have been carried out on the development of the fabrication techniques, and the improvement on the superconducting properties of the in-situ processed conductors. Recently, large Cu-Nb ingots with high homogeneity have been successfully cast by consumable electrode arc-melting at Ames laboratory, and this casting technique offers a prospect of the in-situ processed conductor for practical applications. Furthermore, several types of in-situ processed multistrand wires have been fabricated by means of the internal tin diffusion method.
    In this paper the melting and casting techniques of Cu-Nb ingot and its transformation into multifilamentary Nb3Sn conductors are discussed in terms of the morphology and drawability of the ingots. In addition, the characteristic features of superconducting properties of the in-situ processed conductors are presented with the evidence of a strong dependence of the superconducting critical current, flux-pinning and electromagnetic coupling on the microgeometry in the conductors.
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