This paper discusses renewed possibilities of qualitative research, which is now being widely accepted as a research approach. Qualitative research is said to have emerged as an independent field in the early 1990s, transcending various human service disciplines. There were two contrasting streams of thought on research behind its emergence: the search for effective research methods to understand people with complex experiences, and a self-reflective attitude on hitherto unequal research relationships. The paper further discusses the tension-ridden interaction between the emerging qualitative research and the Grounded Theory Approach as proposed in the 1960s and goes on to examine basic characteristics of M（odified）-GTA and its analytical process. M-GTA has been substantially restructured from the original GTA in order to revitalize the possibilities of the original version while integrating possibilities and tasks of both Glaser’s and Strauss’s contributions.

　Objective : The objective of this study was to clarify educational issues by assessing the current learning attainment of nursing students undergoing clinical training in relation to the physical assessment of child patients, as well as the teaching strategies used by university teachers.

　Methods : A needs assessment was conducted by analyzing the results of a survey of 176 nursing students and 35 pediatric nursing university teachers throughout Japan, using the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation （ADDIE） model as a framework.

　Results : Students’ understanding of child development in infants and toddlers was low, and showed a significant positive correlation with their understanding of how to approach child patients. Students’ ability to observe vital functions was influenced by family members’ cooperation and help in the case of infants and toddlers. Their ability to make observations associated with treatment was influenced by the help of clinical nursing educators and university teachers. On the other hand, pediatric nursing university teachers seemed to have limited teaching strategies to provide students with experience of interaction with child patients closely reflecting the clinical environment.

　Discussion : An issue for further study is the development of a learning support system to enable students to understand the natural reactions characteristic of children at various developmental stages through extensive experience that facilitates the creation of appropriate relationships with child patients in different situations, together with the implementation and evaluation of physical assessment using predictions and well-grounded observation.

　Objective : The study aimed to elucidate the awareness and expectations of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） regarding collaboration with nurses in the acquisition of self-management skills.

　Methods : Ten patients with SLE cooperated in the study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Interview content included awareness and expectations regarding collaboration with nurses, and the results were analyzed qualitatively and inductively.

　Results : The patients indicated that they “trust physicians with expertise in the disease” and, in regard to nurses, that “relationships with nurses affect the feasibility of collaboration”. In addition, because it is the patients themselves who must live with SLE, the patients “made their own efforts and adjustments in life”, and thought that “it is necessary to be able to describe the course of the illness up to this point from the patient perspective”. Furthermore, the patients had the following expectations of nurses: “I want to talk about life after discharge and the future”, “I want nurses to understand my disease and recuperation”, “I want a place where I can have casual discussions”, and “I want to improve my recuperation by talking to a nurse”.

　Discussion : These findings indicate that in order to establish collaborative relationships between patients with SLE and nurses, it is necessary for nurses to be familiar with the pathology and treatment of SLE and to have sufficient knowledge to determine its prognosis, and to aim to establish collaborative relationships based on awareness of the roles of patients and nurses.