I report on the US National Library of Congress, the University of Maryland Prange Collection, the Yale University Medical Historical Library, the Library of the Institute of the History of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University, and the University of Pennsylvania Biomedical Library. I visited to survey published materials relating to Japanese medicine held in the US. I touch on the achievements of the historian Prof. Kan'ichi Asakawa, who began the systematic collections of vintage Japanese books held by the Library of Congress and Yale University. As the Japanese medical books in the Library of Congress are organized as materials collected by the Washington Document Center (WDC) since World War II, they have not yet been fully catalogued. The Prange Collection consists of censorship materials from the occupation of Japan after World War II. These materials were sent to the US by Gordon William Prange, GHQ's chief of military history, and have been stored, organized, and made publically available at the University of Maryland. The books in the collection remain uninventoried, with the exception of newspapers, magazines, and books related to education. I discuss books and materials relating to medicine in each of these collections. The establishment of relations with the US resulted from the country's opening, initiated by the arrival of Commodore Perry's ships, after which Japan learned much from America. However, trends in medicine during the Meiji period and afterward were heavily influenced by German medical science, and Japan's major debt to American medical science may be said to date from the end of World War II.
　As opposed to the Japonisme that swept Europe beginning in the nineteenth century, exchanges between Japan and the US at the end of the Edo period and afterward held political considerations largely at the forefront. However, in the Meiji period, the US began to systematically collect classic Japanese texts, and it further reviewed and collected all materials published during the World War II and occupation periods. This initiative has resulted in the systematic preservation of materials that are at present unavailable in Japan. These collections are extremely valuable in studying the history of modern medicine in Japan.