Studies on island tourism, especially on areal development have been accumulated. As many of these studies in Japan are based on case studies aiming to introduce ideal tourism development to tourism developing islands, their main research objects are areas but not tourists. This study intended to clarify transition of tourist attractions and to analyze recent tourist behaviors on Okunoshima. The beginning of tourism on the island was in 1963, when a national hotel Kyukamura Okunoshima was opened. Until the early 1980’s, the main tourist attractions had been leisure facilities of Kyukamura and island’s nature. In 1988, when the poison gas museum was opened, archaeological tourism added to one of the main tourist attractions on the island. Along with the increase of rabbits on the island, tourists increased to meet and feed hundreds of rabbits. Then media and SNS ignited rabbit island boom. It is notorious that transition of tourist attractions caused by social trends of the moment, but the recent cause highly depends on information like SNS. The author analyzed 413 reviews, in which written in Japanese 214 and in English 189, on a travel website, Tripadvisor. The main tourist behavior on this island is interacting rabbits. Whereas rabbits attract lots of tourists, some environmental issues are clarified, such as overcrowded rabbits and tourists, increased injured and diseased rabbits. Other than rabbits, the poison gas museum and beautiful landscape on the island are also highly estimated especially by foreign tourists. To sustain the island tourism, diversification of tourist behaviors and limiting the number of tourists will be inevitable on Okunoshima.

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Management of fishery resources is an important issue in terms of maintaining biodiversity and food security. Especially in the islands of developing countries, many people use fishery resources as a source of self-sufficiency and cash income. Therefore, the reduction in fisheries resources may cause poverty problems （SDG 1）. “LIFE BELOW WATER,” listed in Goal 14 of the SDGs adopted at the UN Summit, shows that concrete management is required for sustainable use of fishery resources. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the current status and issues of fishery resource management in Fiji. The management of fishery resources is also an issue, and sea cucumbers have been put up for discussion in recent years. Sea cucumbers are important for the income of coastal residents, but resources are continuing to decline. In 2017, the government implemented new measures to ban all sea cucumber fishing and export. Meanwhile, coastal people have lost their income sources. They attempted to maintain their livelihoods by catching a large amount of other fish stocks, so that fishing pressure became concentrated on stocks such as shellfish and sea urchins. In order to strengthen the sales of agricultural products, it has become possible to burn down forests and open up farmland. There is concern about soil runoff due to the development of forests. It has become clear that management policies such as banning sea cucumber capture are causing new environmental changes due to deforestation （SDG 13） and alteration of terrestrial ecosystems （SDG 15）.

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With increasing importance being denoted to regional development and community building in recent years, there is a need for creativity in nursing practice by community outreach, creating diverse connections, and collaborating with residents to create healthy communities. However, there is insufficient knowledge on educational methods to foster creativity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the learning effects of the edudcation program, which was developed based on a conceptual hypothesis “the ambiguous self in an unambiguous world,” that was created from the island case studies that have pioneered the creative community nursing practice. The final reports of 125 nursing students－who took a course called Remote Island Health Practice Theory from 2015 to 2019－were qualitatively analyzed to extract the structure of their experiences. As a result, The following concepts emerged from qualitative analysis of the final reports: “fluctuation due to ambiguity,” “play and readiness born from fluctuation,” “baptism and crisis ambiguously wandering in an unknown territory,” “emergence of creatively encountering with the region,” “development of encounters with shima（local community）,” “creation based on the sense of shima,”“acquisition of a flexible view of the region, nursing, and physicality,” “development of higher-order learning; and stagnation in learning.” Through this course, students were able to enhance their knowledge and gain a flexible sense of the field that fosters collaboration with residents Through this course, students were able to enhance their knowledge and gain a flexible sense of the field that fosters collaboration with residents by experiencing encounters in their immediate community. In the future, while searching for a framework to facilitate higher-order learning, it is necessary to encourage some students who have not been able to learn effectively to participate in the class independently. The effectiveness of fieldwork education based on a conceptual hypothesis about nursing practice on islands was thus clarified. The lesson design that introduced the concept of shima was found to be particularly effective in fostering creative learning among beginners.

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