Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience difficulties with activities of daily living (ADLs) at workplace and in their social life depending on the extent of disease progression. Because of their disabilities, patients with PD are forced into early retirement compared to other people of their age group. We present our experience with the rehabilitation of three patients with PD using levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment for their return to work. The rehabilitation program comprised the following three modules：1) evaluating the patients' ability to walk indoor for a short time；2) assessing their standing and sitting positions to enable them to more easily handle a device；and 3) improving their upper limb function, including skilled movements, for operating a device in emergency. Finally, all three patients exhibited improvements in the Timed Up and Go test results and device operation. Two of the patients returned to their former workplace within 10 months of LCIG treatment initiation and the remaining patient found new employment 1 year after treatment commencement.

In conclusion, establishing a rational support system that involves rehabilitation programs and information sharing across multiple occupations is essential for the return to work of patients with PD receiving LCIG treatment.

COVID-19 spread from Wuhan City, People's Republic of China, in December 2019, followed by an explosion of infections worldwide. The number of infected people has also risen dramatically in Japan and has become a major social problem. Patients with severe disease require a long period to return to society due to significant physical weakness even after recovery. We report a patient in his 40s with a history of nephrectomy who was infected with COVID-19 and became critically ill.

After being diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR test, the patient was admitted to our hospital. His respiratory status rapidly worsened and he was temporarily managed by ECMO in the intensive care unit. At the time of his first contact with us (day 31 post-hospitalization), he was unable to hold himself in a standing position for a long time and required a walker. Initially, from the perspective of preventing the spread of infection, we instructed him in self-directed training rather than individual therapy. From day 49, he began to receive physical therapy. He was discharged on day 53 with independence in outdoor walking. He was instructed to consume protein after exercising and he was managed on an outpatient basis. He returned to work. His skeletal muscle mass increased by BIA and his respiratory and motor functions were restored.

He received instructions on recovering from severe illness after COVID-19 infection, which focused on nutrition, voluntary training, and monitored individual therapy in accordance with rehabilitation therapy. He was able to return to society with no sequelae.

We provided inpatient rehabilitation treatment and return-to-school guidance to a junior high school student with medulloblastoma and pervasive developmental disorder (autism spectrum disorder). Here we describe the rehabilitation treatment for patients with physical and developmental disabilities. A 13-year-old boy who was diagnosed with pervasive developmental disorder at 4 years of age was able to perform activities of daily living independently and attend junior high school. However, he was admitted to our hospital with new-onset ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cerebellar tumor. After total tumor excision was performed, pathological analysis revealed medulloblastoma, which was treated initially with radiation therapy and then chemotherapy for 1 year. Rehabilitation was initiated 2 days post-surgery. We evaluated his communication abilities. He showed stereotypical behavior owing to the autism spectrum disorder；therefore, we performed low-intensity repetitive exercises. The functional independence measure score at discharge was 67/126 (motor 44/91, cognitive 23/35). We taught his teachers how to properly assist him, and he successfully returned to school post-discharge. Although this was a case in which the child had multiple disabilities, ataxia caused by the medulloblastoma aggravated his developmental disability. Thus, understanding the characteristics of communication and its strengths was vital in determining a treatment plan that enabled his return to school.