The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor or other permanent teeth in Japanese patients with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). We enrolled 120 Japanese individuals (70 males and 50 females) with non-syndromic UCLP who visited the Department of Orthodontics at Showa University Dental Hospital. Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor or other permanent teeth was diagnosed by panoramic radiography, dental records, and self-reported medical and dental history. As a result, 60 UCLP patients (50.00%) had congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor(s), two patients (1.67%) had a congenitally missing maxillary central incisor, and one patient (0.83%) had a congenitally missing maxillary canine. Moreover, three patients (2.50%) had a congenitally missing maxillary second premolar and five patients (4.17%) had a congenitally missing lower second premolar. It is important to clarify the prevalence of dental anomalies, especially congenitally missing teeth, in UCLP to improve decision-making for orthodontic treatment.

　　Reconstruction of the natural lip appearance in the treatment of cleft lip remains challenging. The purpose of this report was to describe the short-term outcome of a surgical technique for philtrum reconstruction that we developed. The study population included 26 patients with unilateral cleft lip who underwent primary unilateral cleft lip repair at Kyoto University Hospital between May 2015 and June 2018. A philtrum-like structure was made by splitting the orbicularis oris muscle on the non-cleft side followed by the insertion of the muscular stump on the cleft side into the split. Photographs taken at six months after surgery were used for evaluation. Two morphological parameters, philtrum column height and nasal floor width, were defined. For each parameter, the ratio of the value on the cleft side to that on the non-cleft side was used for comparison between groups of different types of cleft lip. Among patients without cleft palate, a higher philtrum column height ratio and higher nasal floor width ratio were found in the complete-type group. In contrast, these parameters were comparable in patients with cleft palate, regardless of the type of cleft lip. Thus, this technique may be a useful option for philtrum reconstruction when performing unilateral cleft lip repair.

　　In general, the surgical treatment methods for craniosynostosis are distraction osteogenesis（DOG）and cranial vault remodeling（CVR）. When comparing these methods, the perioperative patient burden is a significant factor, but the social background, such as medical standards, differs with age. We report the perioperative patient burden at our hospital between 2012 and 2016, in addition to other factors. Thirty-eight patients with craniosynostosis who received DOG（a series of operations；n=18）or CVR（n=20）were included. The total cost of hospitalization, operation time, total blood transfusion amount and the number of days hospitalized were compared.
　　The mean operation time was 468 and 427 min in the CVR and DOG groups, respectively, and the mean amount of blood transfused based on perioperative weight was 48.5 and 67.7 ml/kg, respectively. The mean number of days hospitalized was 15.1 and 53.9 days in the CVR and DOG groups, respectively, and the mean cost of hospitalization was 5 million and 5.43 million yen, respectively.
　　No significant difference between the groups was found except that those who underwent DOG required longer hospitalization than those who underwent CVR. However, as our patients were in a highly critical condition, the lack of significant difference between the procedures suggests that DOG is a highly useful method.

　　A case of congenital facial palsy is presented in this report. A 4-year-old female with right facial palsy was introduced to our institution. When she was 1 year and half, surgery was performed to decompress and resect an acoustic tumor, but palsy remained. Intraoperatively, the facial nerve was compressed by the tumor, which was 1 cm in diameter. The pathological diagnosis was not inflammatory granulation. At 3 years old, she exhibited incomplete paralysis of her right mimetic muscle on ENoG. Network-like reconstruction by cross-linking of her right facial nerve trunk and hypoglossal nerve using a great auricular nerve graft was performed when she was 4 years old at our institute. Nine years later, there was no improvement in her clinical status or ENoG. When she was 15 years old, free latissimus dorsi muscle transfer was performed at our institute, and facial movement of the right cheek stimulated by the hypoglossal nerve-thoracodorsal nerve system was confirmed. Network-like reconstruction may be contraindicated even if ENoG suggests incomplete paralysis.

　　A 90-year-old female developed a mass in her nose 3 months prior to consultation. Due to a rapid increase in size of the mass 2 months before presentation, she visited a local hospital and was referred to our department for squamous cell carcinoma. Around the dorsum of the nose, there was a mass（bottom surface, 45×35 mm；height, 30 mm）with a hard animal horn-like keratinous projection（cutaneous horn）in its superior portion. According to the criteria for resection of squamous cell carcinoma, the tumor was completely resected with a 5-mm margin. Based on the histopathological examination, a diagnosis of a keratoacanthoma with a cutaneous horn was made. The wound was closed using 2-stage full-thickness skin grafting. At present, 1 year and 5 months after the operation, neither postoperative complications nor recurrence has been observed. Keratoacanthoma with a cutaneous horn is markedly rare. Keratoacanthoma resembles squamous cell carcinoma both clinically and histopathologically, and requires careful differential diagnosis after complete resection.