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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[Objective] The prognosis of patients with protein-energy malnutrition seems to be affected by electrolyte abnormalities as well as poor nutritional status. Consequently, we hypothesize that one of the beneficial effects of nutrition support is improvement of electrolyte abnormalities in patients with malnutrition. In order to examine the hypothesis, a clinical study on the relationship between nutritional support and electrolyte abnormalities was performed.
[Methods] Three hundred and fifteen patients to whom we performed nutrition support from August, 2006 to May, 2009 were enrolled in the present study. Based on estimated energy expenditure calculated in Harris Benedict equations, these patients were divided into following two groups: adequate nutrient intake group (adequate group) and inadequate nutrient intake group (inadequate group). Nutritional status, renal function and electrolyte abnormalities were analyzed and compared between initial and final points of nutrition support team intervention in each group.
[Results] Renal function was comparable between initial and final points in both adequate group and inadequate group. In contrast, nutritional status was improved only in adequate group. Concerning electrolyte abnormalities, sodium and phosphorus seem to be closely related to nutrition therapy.
[Conclusion] Nutrition support is useful for improvement of electrolyte abnormalities, especially in sodium and phosphorus, as well as nutritional status improvement.

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[Purpose] The response of enteral nutrition formulas to different pH solutions was observed and the preventive effect of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution on enteral feeding tube obstruction was examined.
[Methods] Either 0.1N HCl, 1% sodium bicarbonate, or 0.1N NaOH solution was added to each of two enteral nutrition formulas (Ensure Liquid^®, or Racol^®), and the effect of pH on curdling of these formulas was examined. We also evaluated the efficacy of 1% sodium bicarbonate in patients with recurrent feeding tube obstruction.
[Results] After addition of 0.1N HCl, both of the enteral nutrition formulas became curdled. On the other hand, no changes were observed after adding of 1% sodium bicarbonate or 0.1N NaOH. The curdling induced by 0.1N HCl was dissolved by adding 1% sodium bicarbonate or 0.1N NaOH. In patients with recurrent feeding tube obstruction, flushing the tube periodically with 1% sodium bicarbonate prevented obstruction.
[Conclusion] Flushing with 1% sodium bicarbonate is useful for prevention of feeding tube obstruction.

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[AIM] The impact of a low-carbohydrate (Low GI/GL) formula vs. a palatinose-based (low GI) formula fed via PEG tube on 24-hour GV were measured with CGM in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
[METHODS] Nine patients require PEG feeding tube registered to the study. All the patients had well controlled blood glucose and were monitored for 5 consecutive days. All the patients received standard formulas (SF) for one day as baseline data. Five subjects received the low GI/GL formula on day 2 and 3, a low GI formula on days 4 and 5, while the remaining 4 subjects received the same formulas but received low GI formula followed by the low GI/GL. All the subjects were fed on the standard feeing regimen with 3 or 4 doses for two-hours feeding throughout the study period.
[RESULTS] The 24-hour mean glucose levels in patients on SF, low GI/GL, and low GI formula were 128.3±37.4, 111.7±26.0, and 117.8±28.2 mg/dL, respectively. The magnitude of GV on low GI/GL formulas were lower than that of SF and low GI.
CONCLUSION : The low GI/GL formula and the low GI formula reduced GV compared to the SF, but GV was most reduced when fed with low GI/GL formula. The low GI/GL formula was thought to be effective to reduce GV and percent time of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients on enteral nutrition.

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[Purpose] Use of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been reported to be beneficial for cancer patients. We investigated the effect of an eicosapentaenoic acid-containing oral nutritional supplement (EPA-ONS) on the nutritional disorder accompanied with advanced cancer patients.
[Patients and methods] Nine patients with metastatic breast cancer received an EPA-ONS (600 kcal, 2,112 mg EPA /day) for three months and were assessed at 1, 2 and 3 month compared to baseline.
[Results] There were significant increases in body weight and muscle component at 1 month after the administration (p<0.05), but the increases in them were not found at 3 month. Serum leptin contents significantly increased at 1, 2 and 3 month (p<0.05).
[Conclusion] These results suggested that the provision of EPA-ONS may be effective against the cancerous nutritional status, in part.

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[in Japanese]

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