[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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The effects of intake of carbohydrate water on fluid balance and glycometabolism were investigated in fasted healthy volunteers.
Methods: Nine healthy volunteers drank 250 ml of carbohydrate water (ArgW) at 7:00 in the morning after abstinence from food from 21:00 and drink from 24:00 on the previous day. Another group of nine similarly fasted healthy volunteers did not drink carbohydrate water. Hematological tests for blood cell counts and electrolytes as indices of fluid balance, and glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), ketone bodies and insulin as measures of nutritional metabolism were conducted at 9:00 and 11:00 in all volunteers.
Results: Intake of ArgW caused a significant blood dilution effect, but no change in electrolytes. ArgW also decreased glucose and FFA levels at two hours after intake, but increased glucose, FFA and ketone body levels at four hours after intake.
Conclusion: Intake of carbohydrate water during fasting is effective for improving fluid balance, and the glucose content is actively used for improving glycometabolism. However, the effects may be limited and preoperative use of carbohydrate drinking water requires further investigation of the administration method and content.

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[OBJECTIVE] We evaluated the nutritional condition of patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on admission so that the nutrition support team (NST) could provide them appropriate nutritional therapy.
[METHODS] We measured anthropometric parameters, determined body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), performed biochemical assessments of blood, and performed subjective global assessment (SGA) of the nutritional status of IBD patients on admission.
[RESULTS] Our results showed that typically, the nutritional conditions of patients with active IBD on admission were very poor. In particular, the nutritional condition of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) was worse than that of patients with Crohn disease (CD), because patients with UC had greater active inflammation, severe gastrointestinal symptoms, hypermetabolic disorders, and shortage of food intake.
[CONCLUSION] Although it might be commonly thought that patients with UC require lesser nutritional support than patients with CD, patients with active UC on admission had poorer nutritional conditions than those of CD patients. Thus, patients with active CD on admission require appropriate nutritional support by the NST.

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[Aim] Although fasting is a common procedure prior to abdominal imaging studies in Japan, nutritional support should be given to cirrhotic patients who are prone to be malnourished. The aim of this study is to survey current status of nutritional procedure before examinations in order to discuss about nutritional supplementation for the examination-associated fasting in chronic liver disease patients.
[Subjects and methods] In June 2010, we distributed questionnaires regarding nutritional procedure prior to abdominal imaging examinations to all of 1274 institutions with nutrition support teams certified by the Japanese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
[Results] The questionnaire was completed by 28.6% of all institutions. In the replied institutions, 83.6% of institutions fasted chronic liver disease patients prior to abdominal ultrasonography. However, 56.5% of replied institutions answered that such fasting was not favor in cirrhotic patients and 64.0% were considering introduction of nutritional supplementation for the examination-associated fasting in cirrhotic patients. In addition, an accumulation of evidence of improving malnutrition and a recommendation by the Society were selected as required information for the introduction of the nutritional supplementation in 70.2% and 59.8% of replied institutions, respectively.
[Conclusion] This study disclosed that, in the majority of Japanese institutions, fasting was a common procedure prior to abdominal imaging studies even in patients with chronic liver disease. It is, however, expected that nutritional supplementation for the fasting will be introduced by an accumulation of evidence and a recommendation by the Society.

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