As for the generation, for example we say about the old person, it is not suitable to categorize the person of older age into old person or old-old person. I have a sense of discomfort about the word Otoshiyori - elderly person. There are two types of old people, old people full of energy with work or volunteers, and old people with cognitive impairment or with paralysis in her/his body who needs nursing care. So, we don’t see the kind of old people who lives the rest of her/his life lightheartedly in the town. We cannot apply the kind of vigorous older people to an elderly person. Then how can we consider the contents of generation except for the age? We can understand the difference inside age when we think about their life relation pattern (leading activity) under some events. This theory based on Vygotsky’s Study Group will give us a new phase about intergenerational relationship. I tried to explain the thoughts explicitly in this thesis.

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This study focused on the intergenerational reciprocity and examined the association between child-rearing supports from community-dwelling older adults and social support for the young-middle-aged person in old age. We conducted a survey among local residents in Kanagawa Prefecture in Japan. 2,500 residents, aged 20-84 years, were randomly selected from the basic resident register. Of these, 978 residents responded the survey (39.1%). Finally, the data of 214 residents (over 65 years) were analyzed. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that the reception of child-rearing supports had positive effects on providing social support for the youngmiddle- aged person for elderly women. Based on the results, the intergenerational reciprocity could promote the mutual aid circle of care in local communities.

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In this research, we carried out a Community-Specific Intergenerational Program in an after-school child care. The changes in degree of interactions between children and elderly contents and practical methods of the program were assessed with a Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA);. At the introductory phase of the program, tension was observed among participants. The instructive group encountered a development of intimacy between the children and elderly. Then, the participants performed reminiscence and shadow play, both featuring the nature and culture of their habitats. These activities led to sympathy and appreciation for the local community mutually supportive relationship, Mutual acknowledgement between the children and elderly and sense of fulfillment of interaction. However, factors such as degree of comprehension about the program and optimal ways of participation considering the health issues and characters of the elderly need to be taken into consideration for better practice.

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Due to the Great Kanto Earthquake, faculty members and students from the Tokyo Imperial University conducted settlement movements aimed at relieving the poverty of local residents for the purpose of raising labor awareness and cultural awareness from the late Taisho period to the early Showa period. These activities have been discussed from the aspects of political science, economics and social welfare. In this research, we reviewed this settlement from a perspective of intergenerational exchange and reconsidered social contributions connected by students engaged in settlement from the mutual relevance with today's student volunteers. As a result, student volunteers have the same significance in terms of social contribution, however the social contribution made by students engaged in the Tokyo Imperial University settlement along with Dr. Hozumi, and Dr. Suehiro showed different trends in terms of the field of knowledge and social survey compared to today’s volunteer students. The Tokyo Imperial University students worked to give knowledge to the community rather than communicating knowledge. Nowadays volunteer students learn from the community due to the differences in the background of the time periods. We examined adding a new viewpoint of intergenerational exchange to the community symbiosis and in the cooperation of the community.

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In this report, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of intergenerational exchanges in senior schools using vacant classrooms of elementary schools and a junior high school in Okayama City, Koki District by document analysis. As a result of the survey, it was clear that senior schools consisted of three classes with different opening days, accepted about 50 students a year and were set up as school organizations. The school had over 30 teachers. While tackling unique learning contents of all subjects in each classroom, they participated in athletic festivals and other events. in the elementary schools and the junior high school. In addition, they taught the pupils as community supporters and to children in nursery schools and kindergartens.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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