Background: The role of advanced glycation end-products（AGEs）in the development of skin-tears（STs）remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the association between AGEs and skin characteristics among elderly at high risk of STs and to evaluate the effect of AGEs on skin characteristics in the context of ST development.
　Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled elderly patients at high risk of STs who were being treated in nursing homes and hospitals. Participants were categorized based on their history of STs. Skin AGE levels and physiological and morphological skin characteristics were measured on the forearm. Correlations between skin characteristics were assessed in terms of total numbers. Differences between groups affected by STs（ST group）and those not affected（non-ST group）were examined.
　Results: Sixty-four participants（median age: 92 years）participated in the study（23 in the ST group, and 41 in the non-ST group）. Median skin AGE levels were 3.2 AF. Skin AGE level was positively associated with Young′s modulus and intensity score（ρ = 0.34, ρ = 0.44）. In the ST group, skin thickness（p < 0.01）and Young′s modulus（p = 0.04）were significantly higher. No significant difference in AGE levels（p = 0.46）was found.
　Discussion: AGE levels increased with collagen density in the skin of elderly at high risk of STs. AGE-induced morphological changes in the skin may contribute to the development of STs.
　Conclusion: Elevated levels of skin AGEs were not directly implicated in the development of STs; however, they may exert an indirect influence by impacting skin elasticity.

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　Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasound（US）assessment of constipation and the treatment and care of patients with dementia with constipation by a healthcare team.
　Methods: This retrospective observational study included 55 participants with dementia with constipation. The primary outcome was the improvement in spontaneous defecation based on the Bristol Stool Form Scale（BSFS）score. When we assessed defecation, the presence or absence of stools in the rectum was confirmed by US. The effectiveness of the support team interventions in achieving BSFS 3-5 points（normal stool）was evaluated using a generalized linear mixed-effects model.
　Results: The results of this study showed that the odds of achieving BSFS 3-5（normal stools）were twice as high in the support team intervention group as in the no-intervention group（odds ratio［OR］: 2.03, 95% confidence interval:［1.23, 3.33］, p = 0.005）.
　Conclusions: We indicated that the intervention for patients with dementia with constipation requires a professional team having knowledge regarding analysis of US imaging findings, and regarding dementia and constipation, and who can effectively plan treatment and care.

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　Aim: To investigate the prevalence of incontinence-associated dermatitis, factors associated with incontinence-associated dermatitis, and impact of incontinence-associated dermatitis symptoms on quality of life among community-dwelling adult women with light urinary incontinence.
　Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to women aged ≥ 20 years who had experienced light urinary incontinence within the past year. The completed questionnaires were analyzed.
　Results: A total of 114 participants were included in this study. Of the 114 participants, 36（31.6%）had incontinence-associated dermatitis. Those with incontinence-associated dermatitis were significantly more likely to use pads during half-day and longer outings than those without incontinence-associated dermatitis（p = 0.03; p = 0.01）. Comparison by the degree of incontinence-associated dermatitis symptoms showed that the higher the degree of itching and hot flashes, the higher the quality of life deprivation score.
　Conclusion: Incontinence-associated dermatitis was present in one-third of adult women using light incontinence pads living in the community. The greater the degree of incontinence-associated dermatitis symptoms, the lower the quality of life.

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　OBJECTIVE: Extravasation of injectable drugs can lead to skin injuries and diminish patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to characterize cases of extravasation.
　METHODS: Patients were selected from those covered by the Diagnosis Procedure Combination system who received inpatient infusion treatment intravenously between 2018 and 2023 at a university hospital in Japan. We included patients with reported extravasation of injectable drugs in the electronic medical record system. The characteristics of extraversion cases were descriptively analyzed from three perspectives: patient background, agents involved, and procedural factors.
　RESULTS: In a cohort of 830 patients, 1,045 cases of extravasation were reported, which included multiple occurrences within the same patient. Focusing on patient backgrounds, the most commonly reported age group for extravasation incidents was patients in their 70s（32.34%）, followed by those in their 60s（18.12%）and 80s（17.55%）. The most commonly extravasated agents were peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions, including amino acids and water-soluble vitamins（26.51%）. Infusion pumps were used in 61.44% of the cases.
　CONCLUSION: Cases of extravasation were characterized by advanced age, the use of peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions, and the application of infusion pumps. Further studies are needed to verify the causal relationships between each factor and extravasation.

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