The purpose of this study is to examine between patients with diabetes foot ulcers of various degrees and their related distress.
Research design and methods: The patients are type 2 diabetes outpatients.Subjects were classified based on those have diabetes foot ulcers(1st Group) ,those have amputated their foot(2nd Group) ,those do not have diabetes foot ulcers with sex and ages have similar to the former group(3rd Group) as control.
Date were collected from patients records, interviews on PAID(Problem Areas in Diabetes) scale and doctor's diagnoses.
Results: Mean age±SD is 64.0±6.5 years in 70 patients.1st group marked 43.6 points,2nd group marked 47.1 points, while 3rd group marked the highest 50.4 points among groups.
Conclusion: All groups showed high score in distress that patients could be suffered another complication and difficulties that they are facing present complication. Therefore we conclude that their distress on diabetes complexities has to be reduced and that they need assistances. Also shown that the importance in treatment and consultations for diabetes patients presently without foot ulcers.

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Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate natural disaster preparedness by the members of K-Ostomy Club.
Method: Samples were selected from K-Ostomy Club members, and a postal semi-structured survey was conducted under the ethical agreement. Data were collected anonymously, and return of the questionnaire served as consent to participate.
Result: A total of 211 samples out of 302 responded(response rate:69.9%).Average age was 68.5(SD 11.2,range 34~91)years old,and average years after surgery was 12.7(SD 10.1,range 0.4~66.8) years. One hundred fifty(71.1%) respondents prepared for natural disaster, and among them, forty three respondents prepared their stoma equipments and it specifications and a memorandum written their disabled identification card number, emergency contact information and hospital information. Sixteen respondents used only irrigation method. As other preparations, “emergency stock bag”, “stoma equipment stocks for 2 weeks or more”, “storage in various places”, “storage beside bed” were stated.
Conclusion: It is important to recommend that ostomates have plans for natural disaster.We should take actions to educate and built up a network of ostomates with the patient support group “K-Ostomy Club”.

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Aim:1.To clarify psychological well-being among long-term survivors with ostomy longitudinally.2.To explore related factors to psychological well-being.
Method:78 samples were selected from the member of a patient support group for people with ostomy.Data were collected in 1995(1st period),2001(2nd period),and 2003(3rd period).A postal survey was conducted under ethical agreement.Psychological well-being was subjectively measured by the visual analog scale(0~10).
Result:Psychological well-being data were 1st period 7.8(SD1.96),2nd period 6.7(SD2.1),3rd period 6.7(SD2.1),and psychological well-being decreased with years.No related factor with psychological well-being was found.Through this study,it was suggested difficulty of clarifying related factors with psychological well-being among long-term survivors with ostomy,because each period may bring out different factors,such as aging.

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Aims: The aims of this study were to clarify condition of urinary incontinence of elderly people with dementia, to discuss urinary incontinence management based on evidences corrected by diagnosis machine.
Methods: Condition of urination was evaluated using a diaper perception sensor, and Bladder Scan. HDS-R was used for the cognitive function and DBD was used for the action psychological symptoms(BPSD) of dementia. Creational analysis was carried out between urinary incontinence and the physical function dementia, and the relationship was evaluated according to the urinary incontinence guideline of AHRQ(1996).
Result: 1) The subject were 36 people, who had serious level of dementia and several action obstacles.2) 86.1% of subject had “functional urinary incontinence”,and frequent urination and polyuria were presented at night.3) The result showed strong relationship between “the rate of urinary incontinence” and “the degree of independence for elderly people with dysfunctions”(β=.585), “the degree of independence for elderly people with dementia”(β=.298).
Conclusion: 1) “The degree of plods independence for elderly people with dysfunctions”and “the degree of independence for elderly people with dementia”are an excellent index for planning urinary continence management.
2) “Time scheduled toileting”was suitable for dementia elderly people, since it is desirable in utilizing for an individual care plan.

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We conducted a study to investigate the status of skin disorders in elderly caused by the use of medical adhesive tapes (hereafter referred to as tape). The subjects were 56 patients aged 65 years or older who were admitted to a 500-bed long-term care hospital. All subjects were treated with tape for various reasons in 67 separate areas. The informed consent was obtained from all patients. We examined the prevalence rate and the local sites of the skin disorders, and extracted the features of the skin disorder caused by the tape. The results showed a prevalence rate of 33.9%. Many of the skin disorders occurred around a pressure ulcer, gastric fistula and external wounds sites. Other prevalent areas included the abdomen and buttock areas where tape is commonly used. Among the various skin disorders, contact dermatitis was the most common cause (77.3%), followed by external wounds and infection. We investigated whether the type of tape, the purpose of application, the site, or any other physiological finding was related to the skin disorders, however no correlation to any of these items was found. However, the prevalence rate of skin disorders was high for elderly whose treatment involved the use of tape, featured by contact dermatitis around the pressure ulcers, gastric fistula and external wounds sites where tape was applied.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the qualification of the nurses and years of the clinical experience, and counseling of sexual activities.
For patients with colostomy in the clinical setting, 117 Wounds Ostomy Continence Certified Nurses(WOCNs) and 26 nurses with certification who had the experience with patients with colostomy were mailed the questionnaire. 61 WOCNs and 26 nurses were responded to the questionnaire and analyzed in this study.
In result, 2 nurses(7.7％) and 45 WOCNs (73.8%) had experienced with counseling on the patients with colostomy.
The reasons for not having counseling were “A patient doesn’t request”,“did not have time” for WOCNs and “A patient did not request” “A patient is not an age of reproduction.” for nurses without certification.
It may be necessary for WOCNs and nurse with a little clinical experience to have a reference of different health professional, since they had the tendency not to talk about sexual activities if there was not any request from patients.

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