In order to assist designers and managers in improving the aesthetic experience of cultural packaging, this study investigated the cultural Chinese liquor packaging (CCLP) from the perspective of cultural spatial levels. Using a questionnaire survey, it firstly investigated whether customer's aesthetic experience varied with outer and inner levels of cultural elements within CCLP. Additionally, it explored the interactions between cultural elements, design elements, and aesthetic experience within CCLP when it is equipped with two levels of cultural elements. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant difference between different levels of cultural elements in generating aesthetic experiences in CCLP, which indicated a certain spatial level of cultural elements do not have an inherent superiority in staging aesthetic experiences. And (2) according to the correspondence of design element's performance and evoked aesthetic experience, this study classified CCLP's design elements based on Kano's model. This classification can provide important reference for designers, as it implies multiple design elements' different priorities when staging aesthetic experience and guides designer's efforts, facilitates design work efficiency, and encourages effectiveness.

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The Taiwanese government instituted a comprehensive community development program in 1994, followed by the Rural Regeneration Act in 2011. The problem of objectively evaluating relationships between communities during the process of rural community empowerment persists. To address this problem, this study analyzed the literature and conducted a case study on the rural communities of Yunlin County by using both in-depth interviews and social network analysis. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) A total of 18 social group units were determined, comprising both internal and external social groups. 2) Based on the observed features, subjects, inherited, values, mutual aids, trust, participations, and lives, four character types appear in rural community promotions each year: mediating, operator, supportive cooperator, and innovator. 3) Common consensus improves the self-sufficiency of rural communities during development and empowerment efforts; it reduces exclusiveness, but community cooperation can be enhanced by effectively leveraging community relationships.

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As part of Chiba University's Post Urban Living Innovation program, the present research focuses on a Design Against Crime process with the goal of improving the levels of fear of crime and the general crime situation of a local Mexican urban community. As part of a crime prevention intervention, the prototype of a community-based security system is conceptualized, tested, and evaluated by both community members and criminal offenders in order to provide insight for the further development and future long-term implementation of the proposed system and its various elements.

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The purpose of this study was to develop a design information application (app) based on the first phase of the overall study, in which nine older people with mild dementia were recruited. The participants' requirements for affordances of specific functions, operating behaviors, and operability regarding the components of rice cookers were identified through operation task analysis and usability evaluation. A design information app was established using a computer program for the affordance requirements of the operating components of a rice cooker in this study. The app's content is information on functional items: operating components, operating functions, and design requirements. Seven design practitioners evaluated the usability of the app, with the evaluated aspects including the information content and interface design. The results indicated that the information content was helpful in improving the designs of the operating components, but the operation interface lacked image instructions and aesthetics. A dynamic presentation of the design information should be considered. The results can serve as a crucial reference for subsequent improvement of the operation interface and information presentation of the design information app, with the objective of enhancing designer users' use intention.

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Dissuasive signs are preventive interventions that have the objective of dissuading a possible offender from committing a criminal act and are usually related to the use of security systems like security cameras or alarms. These types of interventions are mainly used to deter crimes against property like house robberies or burglaries. For this preliminary study, dissuasive signs related to private security companies will be rated in order to analyze the influence of brand recognition in a group of Mexican and Japanese participants. Two experiments were applied to determine the influence of brand logos on trust, safety, and risk perception. The results of the experiments revealed that both groups (Mexican and Japanese) agreed that already known brands were considered safer and trustful than the unknown ones and agreed that dissuasive signs with recognized security brands are perceived as riskier compared with the signs with unrecognized brands. However, Mexican participants showed a lower level of trust and risk compared to the Japanese group; this finding can be related to the lack of trust in authorities in Mexican society.

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The modern Chinese kitchen evolved from the modern kitchen in Europe and the United States. The traditional research on the kitchen cooking route started in the United States and mainly focused on the cooking route and the kitchen working triangle. With the integration of Western and Chinese cultures and with the fast-paced lifestyle, Chinese tend to prefer a higher working efficiency of their kitchens. Thus, the traditional kitchen utensils can no longer satisfy their requirements. With the popularity of the kitchen system in kitchen design and the development of smart kitchen furniture, the present kitchen design method cannot meet the demands of modernization in practice. Due to the Chinese special dietary habits, the users often encounter some problems such as the low efficiency of cooking, insufficient food storage and the lack of preparation areas. This paper was designed to review the evolution of the Chinese kitchen from two aspects: the cuisine culture and the cooking route, to explore the basic situations of the modern Chinese kitchen, and to find a higher efficient kitchen work pattern by rearranging the Chinese kitchen layout, thereby providing references to the design of the Chinese kitchen in the future that how the Chinese kitchen layout can adapt to intelligent kitchen furniture.

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This study implements a visual evaluation experiment of the textures of automotive interior materials to clarify the factors for various specifications of those textures. By using the semantic differential method to conduct a visual evaluation experiment. On a experiment, 17 automotive interior material samples; including "wood with wood grain", "metal with hairline", "metal pattern paint-courted plastic", "wood grain pattern film-coated plastic", "metal pattern film-coated plastic" and "piano black film-coated plastic" and 12 adjective pairs as evaluation items are used. Factor analysis reveals three evaluation factors ("warm", "deep" and "authentic"), and then, multiple regression analysis reveals that two main factors ("deep" and "authentic") influence the comprehensive evaluations of "high-grade", and three main factors ("warm", "deep" and "authentic") influence the comprehensive evaluation of "preferable". These factors should be useful for future developments, especially in the early design process, of automotive interior material textures. In addition, a "metal pattern film-coated plastic" sample has wood grain pattern characteristic which affect by hue is suggested.

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The use of city development workshops continues to increase, reflecting the need for citizen participation in city development legislation. City development workshops are carried out over weekly or monthly periods: continuous workshops. Even though participants may have opinions or thoughts about such discussions during or after the workshops, reflecting on them during workshop discussions is difficult. In our work, we propose a method that conduct virtual-world workshops using COLLAGREE during and after continuous real-world workshops on city development. We verified our proposed method's effects by social experiments in which continuous workshops were conducted by landowners, residents, and students. We analyzed the discussion data of both real-world and virtual-world workshops and gave questionnaire surveys to our participants. As a result, when discussion using many characters was conducted in a virtual-world workshop and participants viewed it, its contents influenced subsequent discussions. Moreover, we found that our proposed method had a psychological effect on discussions while improving.

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New technologies in bamboo utilization enrich the types and designs of bamboo products. This paper presents a visual typological analysis of currently existing engineered bamboo (EB) products in order to identify design development possibilities. Information on various EB products currently on the market, especially those being offered internationally, was collected for use as our primary data resource. Our analysis was conducted by dividing the observed products into existing categories, and then classifying them based on their surface appearance types, both in order to gain an understanding of current EB developments and to identify possibilities related to future product shaping and/or surface modifications. Our analysis results show that there are more surface types and modification possibilities for laminated bamboo (LB) products than other EB types.

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Service design is considered to have originated in Italy and Germany in the 1990s. It then spread to the UK, northern Europe, the U.S., and even Japan from the late 1990s through the 2000s. Still, service design seems to vary from country to country, and it seems that service design in Japan differs content-wise from service design in China. We thought that clarifying the differences in service design in these two countries would give us a better understanding of their characteristics.
We therefore compared service design in Japan, which consists mainly of in-house design in the manufacturing industry, with service design in China, which uses design consultants, so that we could shed light on the differences in their targets, processes, and even methodologies. From activity reports and other materials from Japanese manufacturers' in-house design divisions, we found that the service design being practiced possessed three characteristics. Meanwhile, we found that service design in China, which uses design consultants, possesses three distinct areas of activity and four business characteristics. In conducting a comparative examination of the characteristics of a total of 10 service designs, we found five major distinctions. Our comparison of Japanese and Chinese service design thus found areas of similarity as well as areas of difference. We were therefore able to identify five characteristics of service design in Japan and China and the differences between them.

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