Dissuasive signs are used as a preventive intervention to deter offenders from committing a criminal act. These signs can be considered as a warning of its objective to influence the receiver's behavior or serve as a reminder of some possible risk or hazard. However, there are no official regulations or standards for these kinds of dissuasive signs in relation to security systems. The purpose of this preliminary test is to identify what kind of messages can influence the risk perception of a group of Mexicans and Japanese participants. Two experiments were applied to determine the influence of messages and signal words on the risk perception for both groups. The results of the experiments revealed that both groups (Mexican and Japanese) agree that messages that mention a possible consequence of the criminal act and messages that mention real-time surveillance are considered riskier and the only signal word that has a positive influence on risk perception for both groups is “Warning.”

This paper is concluded by two sections of study: history research and method research, on topic of data visualization and diagram form of representations. In first part, we reviewed the history and evolution of diagram form of representations and concluded how diagram has constantly evolved with the development of computer technology on several viewpoints. Based on the conclusion, we continued an exploration on creating new diagram type of representation through a verbal description. By following a previous research of common diagrams in “Intention-oriented classification of the visual representation of numerical data” that usually applied in general visualization tools, this study on verbal description presents a different perspective of approach on analyzing variables for visual representation. By means of comparison on descriptions result, we concluded that our approach could contribute to analyze potential variables for creating new diagram of representation base on structured data.

This study aims to derive future research issues to be addressed for prompting collaboration between design (industrial design) and engineering design by conducting a comparative analysis between research for both domains within multispace design model: a model which allows comprehensive description of various design objects. The results suggest that the research for design has principally focused on the meaning space, attribute space and circumstance indicating it has been deriving design knowledge for early design process, while the research for engineering design has mainly dealt with the state space, attribute space, and circumstance indicating it has been accumulating knowledge of physical quantities. This paper concludes with suggestions against the research for design and engineering design to advance investigation of the state space and the relation between the psychological space (the value and meaning spaces) and physical space (the state and attribute spaces), respectively. Furthermore, the importance of conducting further research on the value space in the both domains is signified.

This research examined advantages and limitations of current healthwear, and aimed to figure out whether healthwear service would become desirable for older adults by integrating a peer mentor model. In research part I, older adults' health management contexts and behavior differences were identified using a semi-structured interview, envisioning the interaction of personas. A service integration framework with six service scenarios and four design concepts was then proposed by empathy map. Next in research Part II, the first service prototypes developed by applying the service integration framework and the second prototype without integrating a peer mentor model was used for an A-B test through a comprehensive questionnaire. Finally, this research confirmed an integrated peer mentor model could make the healthwear service from too task-oriented to desirable by improving pragmatic and hedonic quality. Furthermore, four benefits and one limitation of the service integration were summarized and further discussed.

With the advancement of science and technology and the comprehensive development of the kitchen, people's demand of cooking methods and kitchen functions also changes, and the kitchen's functional layout also should adapt to the changes of the market and user's needs. The smart kitchen is the future trend, usually accompanied by the concept of the intelligent household system, which is a smart room equipped with connected kitchen products based on the system kitchen for the purpose of health and convenience. In this paper, through the experiment record of user's cooking behavior, the future direction of the construction of smart kitchen is explored from two aspects, namely cooking routes and user behavior of obtaining kitchen information, so as to provide a reference for the design of the kitchen system that is better equipped with kitchen information guide devices.

CAD (Computer Aided Design/Drawing) has become popular to be used both in industrial and engineering design areas. The drawing by CAD is superior to the hand drawing in the accuracy and ease of modifying, but is inferior in the generation of a creative idea accidentally given by the hand drawing. There are some studies to compare the two drawings, but is no one to evaluate the difference in the designers' creativity, quantitatively. This study is a preliminary stage to quantitatively differentiate them and measured of the cerebral blood flow of the sixteen participants taking the creative task (Finke's pattern generation task) employing the two drawings. The blood flow was measured using a NIRS (Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy) apparatus. The result shows that the significant difference of the qualitative assessment between the hand drawing and computer operation could not be confirmed, and the computer operation activates more channels (brain regions), especially in the right prefrontal cortex, than the hand drawing.

Product affordances comprise operational and functional affordances. These affordances serve different functions in intuitive user-product interactions. This study details the first year of a multiyear project involving intuitive interactions with product user interfaces. The project investigated the affordances and operational requirements of older users with dementia. The user interface of an electronic rice cooker was analyzed, and nine older adults with mild dementia were selected as the research subjects. A task analysis was conducted to elucidate the functional affordance requirements of various operational components for various operational tasks. A usability evaluation was conducted to determine the participants' component operation behaviors and operational affordance requirements. The evaluation results also highlighted whether the affordances of the components were perceived by the participants. Findings indicated that operational affordances must be easily perceived by users and that functional affordances should conform to users' cognitive abilities. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for developing an information system concerning component affordances that facilitate intuitive interaction. They can also serve as a reference for designing product user interfaces that promote intuitive interaction for older users with dementia.

This research explored and identified the evaluation indicators of green packaging design in Taiwan. By judgment sampling, this study conducted semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 6 experienced packaging design related personnel in Taiwan, and analyzed the data by open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The results of open coding showed that green packaging design is based on “packaging materials”, “structure and form”, “visual design”, “printing effect”, and “fashion”. Based on axial coding, and five design factors were obtained, namely “environmental protection”, “resource”, “convenience”, “protection”, “originality”, “pollution”, “aesthetics”, and “marketing”. Finally, by selective coding, this study proposed 34 evaluation indicators, and randomly invited three experts for interviews regarding the ranking of weights. Thus, this study constructed evaluation indicators of green packaging design in Taiwan as reference for related circles.

In recent years Taiwan has serious birth rate problem, the two main reasons are: double-salary family, and the male-female ratio, that is why a lot of Taiwanese go overseas to look for brides. As a result, there were many cross-cultural problems, such as most common wedding gift “Fortune Chicken” it has encouragement of the Fertility and happiness, nevertheless, it often omitted in translations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore some new ways to help “New-Inhabitant” understand Taiwan's marriage customs, by using creatively innovative designs that symbolizes “Fortune Chicken”, and give a variety of floral designs and images of different patterns. From the concept of intercultural communication through the semantic difference, to find “New-Inhabitant” favorite image features and imagery vocabulary. The results indicate 23 out of 30 participants said that there is a need of “Fortune Chicken” it also pointed out red brocade, golden satin weave and pattern of chrysanthemums “Fortune Chicken” had no preferred.

This study clarified the gender-based impressions of butterfly colors and textures in order to develop products for women. For this purpose, we investigated the impressions concerning “femininity” and “texture” of 10 color stimuli of the papilionidae butterfly. Results of the factor analysis revealed “Graceful,” “Gentle,” and “Frail” as common factors of femininity. “Sexy” and “Lively” were independent factors reported by female and male participants respectively. Furthermore, stimuli were classified into five clusters and analyzed using factor score mapping. In conclusion, the results were as follows: 1) The evaluation structures concerning “femininity” for the butterfly colors differed by gender. 2) The saturations of color mainly affected the evaluations of “glossiness” and impressions concerning “flashy.” 3) The lightness and saturations of color mainly affected the evaluations of “smoothness” and impressions concerning “frail” in the female dataset. These findings could be applied in using “color” and “texture” in designing products for women.

Gringsing is a sacred textile of Tenganan Pagringsingan village produced especially to be used in festive rituals as ritual clothing and offering. This paper is consisted of the research data resulted from the interviews, surveys and participant-observation, and specimen analysis conducted on the design structure of Gringsing such as textile layout, motifs and patterns, and sizes. These elements have significant relevance to the cultural setting which is the functions that were emerged from the necessities created by the traditional customs and the daily life. Through researching the function, the design and the meaning of Gringsing textile related to its ritual context, it can be concluded that (1) through the ritual usage, the physical form of the textile could become exceptionally diverse. (2) The strict customs are therefore translated into the language of colors, size and pattern design. (3) Gringsing represents much of the communal identity and becomes the carrier of meaning for its local symbolism.

This paper is consisted of the research data resulted from the interviews, field surveys and participant-observation, and specimen analysis conducted on the characteristic of the production process of Gringsing textile where it reflects the enculturation of cosmological orientation of Tapak Dara through the expression of cultural narrative: Journey of Life that results in the spatial perception and arrangement of the residential houses and the village. By investigating the working stages and its designated working spaces that conceives the production culture of Gringsing, we were able to clarify: (1) in the production process, each working space within the spatial arrangement has acquired meaning for it is entitled to the cultural narrative where experiences and everyday routines are to take place, (2) the ritual codes of conduct emphasize the spatial awareness, where the meaning created by the people is expressed in each stage of the process, (3) the connection between the way of life of the people and their built-environment which is represented in their spatial orientation and arrangements, and (4) the spiritual cosmology that becomes a significant element out of which the meaning is born and manifested into the philosophy that enriches the production culture of Gringsing.

Today's, Taiwan attach great importance to the preservation, revitalization and reuse of the industrial heritage space Therefore, the adaptability and reuse of industrial heritage space becomes the main issue for the Taiwanese government. The purpose of this study is to construct an adaptive indicator and weight system for reusing industrial heritage space. Hence, in some previous study, the Delphi method has been used to examined items with professional and consistent views. Therefore, this paper is based on that, and further applied Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to obtain relative weight value of the indicators, and the consistency verification and analysis, based to establishment of the “Industrial Heritage Space Reuse Adaptability indicators”, its framework structure includes 4 main criteria and 22 sub-criteria. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Establish the weight of 4 main criteria of the space reuse adaptability; 2) Establishing the weights, rankings, and overall order for each sub-criterion within the 4 main criteria; 3) The indicators are used to test 2 industrial heritage cases, and the results of the assessment confirm the availability of the indicators; and 4) The rationality of the applied results shows the indicator system is effective.