For solving inverse boundary value problems, boundary observation or inside observation have been used. In the present study boundary values on the incompletely prescribed boundary are estimated using the boundary and the inside observation values. The inverse boundary value problem is treated for two-dimensional elastostatic body. Regularization is necessary to obtain a good solution of matrix equation in inverse boundary value problem. We regularize the solution with the use of alternating inverse boundary element method. The number of stopping iteration is necessary for solving inverse boundary value problem with the method. The discrepancy principle that evaluates the discrepancy in observation space or in observation equation was successfully applied for determination of the number of stopping iteration. The effect of the number of stopping iteration on the estimation is discussed.

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A novel approach of the Eulerian finite element method for large deformation problems of solid is proposed in this paper. A marker particle method is employed to evaluate the Lagrangian motion of materials and advection of internal variables. 4hhe equation of motion is approximated by the finite element method with fixed spatial mesh, which also gives spatial derivatives such as strain.

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The stability condition of a numerical simulation of fluid flows is affected by viscous forces, especially in micro flows or highly viscous flows. In this article, a time stepping algolithm is devised to moderate the restriction of time steps coming from strong viscous forces. This algorithm is compatible with the symplectic scheme for the Hamiltonian particle method which we have proposed previously. Some preliminary calculations indicate that the algorithm allows use of about ten times larger time steps than those obtained from linear stability analysis of the explicit Euler scheme.

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Wall planting model was proposed in tha problem for numerical heat island simulation. Evaporation and water supply from the tree are predominant in the case of planting tree at the ground and building top, but water supply achieved from soil at the ground level in the case of wall planting, activities for heat transfer and difusion of:water are various. Realistic combined numerical were discussed and inspected.

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Polution problems originated from Exhaust gas from mobile are critical in urban area. CFD convection onde deffusion analysis has a chieved with new grid generation technique form GIS (Geographical Information System) data. As a Realistic Problem, concentration distribution for Eexhaust gas from ventilation tower of Gaikan-doh through Shinjuku-Hatsudai district is solved.

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Evaluation method for ventilation of various type of automatic door systemrv has develped, using moving boundary technique for computational fluid dynamics. Characteristics of velocity and temperature distribution as to the space including rotation door or sliding door are discussed, based on unsteady numerical simulation results stated from same initial conditions.

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In. this paper, we describe- an efficient. Numerical climate system model including atmosphere, ocean, land, sea ice thermodynamics and ecosystems both on land and in ocean. In the numerical model, the Time-Space Method (TSM) (Saitoh, 1991) was used as the time-integration method. We also present some numerical simulations of the climate including the land- andocean-ecosystem effects-and those behaviors.

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We have investigated the suitability of high melting point phase change materials for use in new, large scale solar thermal electricity plants. Candidate materials for latent heat thermal energy storage are identified and their operating parameters modeled and analysed. The mathematical characteristics of charging and discharging these storage materials are discussed. Several high, melting point, high conductivity materials are shown to be suitable and advantageous for use with solar thermal electricity plants, such as Sydney University's novel, low cost Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR) and Multi Tower Solar Array (MTSA) collector systems, as well as existing parabolic trough and tower technologies.

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CFD Simulation technique has applied to natural ventilation problem of ancient residences as global unheritance, Hoian at Vietnum. As a result of CFD study for several types of residences, Good ventilation performance has found and seperior design sense of ancient persons recognized.

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We have developed the system for evaluating personal environmental risk. It records location of people at regular intervals by using GPS system of mobile phone, and merges those data with concentration data of airborne pollutants monitored at fixed points. Then it estimates exposure value and environmental risk.

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In LCA, it is very important to determine and quantify the uncertainty of LCI results or/and LCA results which propagates from the input parameter uncertainties, model uncertainty, spatial and temporal variability etc. In this paper, matrix based Monte Carlo simulation method for uncertainty analysis is introduced. Moreover, the LCA uncertainty analysis result by Monte Carlo simulation method and that by the approximate calculation method,based on the central limitation theorem are compared, and the precision of the uncertainty approximate calculation is investigated.

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It is very important to adaptively control the vehicle velocity in order to accurately simulate the traffic phenomenon. Therefore, several mathematical models for velocity representation have been presented by some researchers. In the previous study, the authors presented "stochastic velocity model" for simulating the traffic flow on the high-way. In this paper, the cellular automata simulation based on the stochastic, velocity model is applied to the simulation of the traffic flow in the urban city. The simulated results are compared with the real traffic data in order to confirm the validity of the present model.

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The Active Head Restraint system that was introduced in the market is 'for helpingg to reduce whiplash injury risks by the movable head restraint. This system activate by the inertia force of the occupant when the rear-end collision happened. This effect can be arised by reducing the horizontal and longitudinal gaps between head restraint cushion and back part of thee head. In this research, detailed FEM and multi-body model were constructed for investigating the relation between the gap distance and injury risks. In that modeling, initial load between dummy and cushion when dummy sat on the seat statistically is important. In this paper, the modeling method and the relation between the gap distance and injury risk were introduced.

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